\documentclass[11pt,twoside]{article}
%\usepackage{asp2004}
\usepackage{asp2006}
\usepackage{psfig}
\usepackage{epsf}
\usepackage{graphics}
\usepackage{lscape}
\markboth{Mahoney, Livingston and Roper}{Author's Instructions}
\pagestyle{myheadings}

% Some definitions I use in these instructions.

\def\emphasize#1{{\itshape#1\/}}
\def\arg#1{{\it#1\/}}
\let\prog=\arg
\parsep 0pt
\itemsep 0pt
\def\edcomment#1{\iffalse\marginpar{\raggedright\sl#1\/}\else\relax\fi}
\marginparwidth 1.25in
\marginparsep .125in
\marginparpush .25in
\reversemarginpar

\begin{document}
\title{Astronomical Society of the Pacific Conference
Series---Instructions for Authors Using \LaTeXe\ Markup}
\author{T. J. Mahoney}
\affil{Instituto de Astrof\'\i sica de Canarias, E-38205 La Laguna, Tenerife,
Spain}
\author{Enid L. Livingston and Lisa B. Roper}
\affil{Astronomical Society of the Pacific Conference Series, PO Box
4666, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602-4666 USA}


\begin{abstract}
This guide explains step by step how to prepare your article for a
proceedings in the ASP Conference Series. It assumes absolutely no
prior knowledge of \LaTeX\ on your part; however, if your article
involves complicated mathematical expressions or tables, you may need
to refer to some of the references listed at the end of this manual.
This document is a revised and much extended version of the ASP
document \verb"newpaspman.tex" and incorporates the new \LaTeX\
standard \LaTeXe\ (hereinafter, simply \LaTeX). Since this document
is a manual for occasional reference, information is repeated in
those sections where it is needed rather than merely
cross-referenced.
\end{abstract}

\vspace{-0.5cm}
\section{General Introduction}

In order to ensure that papers received for publication from different
authors are consistent in format, style, and quality, authors are required
to typeset their manuscripts\footnote{Although
the term {\itshape manuscript} has
long lost its
etymological meaning of ``handwritten script'', it is retained here
in the meaning
it has had for many years in publishing, i.e., a document compiled
by an author for publication, using
whatever means.}  exactly according to the
following instructions.
The editors will modify the electronic manuscripts as necessary to ensure
that they conform to these standards in order to produce a compliant
\LaTeX\ book to be subsquently converted at ASP into a PDF file for
electronic publishing.

\section{Why \LaTeX ?}
Traditionally, authors (and editors of multi-author works) would
send the typed manuscript of a finished work to a publisher's
editor, who would then have the manuscript ``marked up'' by an
editor. The marked-up manuscript would then be passed to a designer,
who would choose a typeface and give a distinctive appearance to the
printed page (in terms of the formatting of titles, running heads,
line spacing, etc.). The manuscript would then be typeset by a
compositor and the finished book would then be printed on paper. The
computer has now almost completely revolutionized this process to
the point where the entire editorial and production process can now
be handled totally electronically.

From an author's point of view computers can handle markup, page design
and typesetting in two ways:
\begin{enumerate}
\item {\itshape Visually:\/} Short or uncomplicated documents are compiled
directly on screen so that the final output is immediately
displayed. This system, used by word processing packages, is often
referred to as ``what you see is what you get''
(\textsc{wysiwyg}---pronounced {\itshape wisseewig\/}). Such programs,
however, use a large number of invisible and inaccessible commands
and can be difficult to adapt to more complex documents, such as
scientific papers. While these programs are well-suited to shorter
documents, they are ill-equipped to handle the complexity of a
complete book.
\item {\itshape Logically:\/} Every aspect of markup, design and typography
is decided by user commands in a document keyed in by the author or
editor. Although this approach is in principle far more complicated
and requires an initial outlay of time in mastering the system, its
benefits more than outweigh the advantages for those documents
requiring intricate typesetting, cross-referencing and indexing
(such as scientific or academic papers, monographs and conference
proceedings). By using specially designed templates the burden on the user
is considerably reduced: this is the approach adopted by the ASP Conference
Series.
\end{enumerate}

\LaTeX\ adopts the logical approach. Authors are given either
templates or instructions that provide the basic markup (sections,
running heads, etc.)~and page design. They then key in their text
and formulae, hence acting as their own compositors. To be more
specific, standard \LaTeX\ commands do the markup (which is why
\LaTeX\ is often referred to as a markup language) and handles
document styles, which define the design of the document. Other
\LaTeX\ commands are used for keying in the text, but in reality the
typography is done by the lower-level language \TeX\ (since all
\LaTeX\ commands are in reality small macros consisting of \TeX\
commands). Authors and volume editors don't need to be
acquainted with \TeX\ since, as far as their tasks are
concerned, \LaTeX\ does it all.


These author instructions are written on the assumption that you know absolutely
no \LaTeX\ but are comprehensive enough to ensure that you have sufficient information
to prepare even the most complicated text in an acceptable and attractive layout.
If you would like further information concerning \LaTeX, you might try some of the
titles listed in the references at the end of this guide. \citet{lam94} offers
a general introduction to \LaTeX. For a more comprehensive description,
\citet{kop99} is excellent. Goossens, Mittelbach, \& Samarin's {\itshape The
\LaTeX\ Companion} (1994) offers a more advanced treatment on how \LaTeX\ may be
enhanced with various plug-in macros in the public domain. \LaTeX\ is nothing
more than a user-(almost)friendly application of the lower-level typesetting language
\TeX, a full account of which has been published
 by its creator \citep{knu86}. \LaTeX\
applications are in a continuous state of flux. If you need the latest information
on the numerous \LaTeX\ extension packages available in the public domain, you should
consult the Comprehensive \TeX\ Archive Network (CTAN)
website at
\begin{quote}
\verb"ftp://ctan.tug.org/tex-archive/" (USA)\\
\verb"ftp://ftp.tex.ac.uk/tex-archive/" (UK)\\
\verb"ftp://ftp.dante.de/tex-archive/" (Germany)\\
\end{quote}
You should also consult \verb"www.tug.org".

\section{\LaTeX\ Markup Commands}

To typeset your article you will need the ASP Conference Series
\LaTeX\ style file ({\tt asp2006.sty}),
 this manual, and the author template file ({\tt asptemplate.tex}).
 These files can be downloaded from the Author's Page on \verb"www.aspbooks.org".
Authors should use the {\tt asptemplate.tex} file as the basis for
their contribution. The remainder of this section (\S\S 3.1--3.6)
describes the parts of the template file in detail.

You should use only those markup commands from \LaTeX\ plus the several
extensions provided by this style file.

\begin{center}
\fbox{\parbox{10cm}{{\bfseries\itshape Important Note:} Do {\itshape not}
define any commands of your own for any reason
(no {\tt def} or {\tt newcommand} statements). If you do so,
the volume editors
will need to remove them all in order to get the book macro to work properly.}}
\end{center}


\noindent If you
feel that you need special commands, clear these with the editors, who will need to
include any such command definitions in the customized book macro for the volume,
to which you will not have access.

Most of the \LaTeX\ you will need is already contained in the
template ({\tt asptemplate.tex}). As far as page layout and markup
are concerned, you will probably not need anything further than this
template since it is quite self-explanatory. However, most articles
published in this series of conference proceedings usually contain
much more than mere plain text and can reach a high level of
complexity. Also, there are minor points of \LaTeX\ related to
typography that authors need to be familiar with. For these reasons,
we have included the following fairly exhaustive notes, which we
hope will answer most questions that are likely to arise in the
preparation of your contribution.

\subsection{Using the Template}

We review here the important components of the {\tt asptemplate.tex}
file, which you will use to prepare your manuscript.  The first
piece of markup in the template declares the overall style of the
document:
\begin{quote}
\verb"\documentclass[11pt,twoside]{article}"
\end{quote}
This by itself would arrange your text in the standard \LaTeX\ style
for articles, which is not what we want. To tailor the text to ASP
Conference Series style, {\tt asptemplate.tex} uses the following command:
\begin{quote}
\verb"\usepackage{asp2006}"
\end{quote}The \verb".sty" extension is understood by the compiler. If you wish
to include images in your article, {\tt asptemplate.tex} enables you to call a
number of image-plotting routines, the most common ones being {\tt
epsf.sty} (for encapsulated postscript files) and {\tt psfig.sty}
(for postscript files), both of which will be discussed in what
follows. These packages are included in the preamble next:
\begin{quote}
\verb"\usepackage{epsf}"\\
\verb"\usepackage{psfig}"
\end{quote}

Occasionally, it is necessary to print a figure or table sideways on the page. This
``landscape'' orientation is made available
 with the {\tt lscape} environment, which is
also invoked in the preamble of {\tt asptemplate.tex} through the command:

\begin{quote}
\verb"\usepackage{lscape}"
\end{quote}


To get the running headers at the top of each page (authors' names
on the left page and title on the right page), look for  the following
commands:
\begin{quote}
\verb"\markboth{"\arg{authors' surnames}\verb"}{"\arg{title of
contribution}\verb"}"

\verb"\pagestyle{myheadings}"
\end{quote}
Then fill in the braces with the applicable information, in mixed case
text.  Use surnames only (no initials). For two authors, put ``and''
(not an ampersand) between the two authors' surnames; for three
authors, separate each author's surname with a comma, with a serial
comma and the word ``and'' (not ampersand) before the last author;
for more than three authors write the first author's surname
followed by ``et al.'' (with no preceding comma; note the period or
stop). Use a shortened version of the full title if necessary.
{\itshape If the running title is too long it will displace the page
number beyond the text margin.}

To ensure any equations, figures, footnotes, section numbers and tables
are correctly number from ``1'' upwards, {\tt asptemplate.tex} uses
the following commands (which you should not alter):

\begin{quote}
\verb"\setcounter{equation}{0}"\\
\verb"\setcounter{figure}{0}"\\
\verb"\setcounter{footnote}{0}"\\
\verb"\setcounter{section}{0}"\\
\verb"\setcounter{table}{0}"\\
\end{quote}

\begin{center}
\fbox{\parbox{10cm}{{\bfseries\itshape Important Note:} No
other matter should appear in the preamble,
and authors are strongly discouraged from adding their own macro definitions. Any
such additions will be removed by the volume editors.}}
\end{center}

Immediately following the preamble, you will see
\begin{quote}
\verb"\begin{document}"
\end{quote}
This command  identifies the beginning of the main portion of the manuscript. In \LaTeX\
every \verb"\begin{}" command must be terminated with an \verb"\end{}" command. The main text
of your article, including any tables, figures, and the bibliography, must be placed after
\verb"\begin{document}" and before \verb"\end{document}" (the final command in the template).
Failure to respect this basic rule will
result in any matter after the
\verb"\end{document}"
command being ignored by \LaTeX . If your document fails to compile properly, one of the many
things to look out for is matter appearing before \verb"\begin{document}" that shouldn't be there.

The rest of this section and all of \S 4 deal with the main body of the text of your article,
including tables, figures and the bibliography.



\subsection{Title, Byline, Abstract, and Keywords}
So far you have told \LaTeX\ to typeset your article in the ASP Conference
Series style and to place the authors' surnames and the abbreviated title of the
article as running heads. You are now ready to tell \LaTeX\ to print the article
title, authors' names (called bylines in publishing),
and addresses. The use of keywords is encouraged, although they
 will only be used ``invisibly''
 in the electronic version to categorize the articles in
 the volume for the ADS bibliographical database.




\subsubsection{Title of Article}
The title will appear in boldface just beneath the eybrow slug on
the first page of your article. To typeset the title look for the command
\begin{quote}
\verb"\title{"{\itshape title of article}\verb"}"
\end{quote}
in the template file and replace the text `title of article' inside the curly braces
with the title of your article.
Please use mixed case text (initial caps with all nouns capitalized)
for all titles, running heads and sections headings.  Ensure that
the title does not overrun the right-hand margin. To prevent this,
you can insert a carriage return command (\verb"\\") where you wish
to enforce a line break. For example,
\begin{quote}
\verb"\title{The Broad- and Narrow-Line Regions of Narrow-Line\\"
\verb"Seyfert 1 Galaxies}"
 \end{quote}
will force \LaTeX\ to put ``Seyfert 1 Galaxies'' on a separate line
(\LaTeX\ should do this without your intervention, but this doesn't
always happen).

Please note that there is never a good reason to append a footnote mark to the
title of an article. The usual reason why authors like to do this is to indicate
that observations were made on such-and-such a telescope using a certain instrument
in an observatory run by a given organization, all of which information should
rightfully appear in a section describing the observations. Don't strain
the reader's patience by making acknowledgements more than once.

\subsubsection{Authors' Names and Affiliations}
The next line in the template file is the command
\begin{quote}
\verb"\author{"{\itshape Author's name}\verb"}"
\end{quote}
To typeset the authors' names you must replace the text `Author's name'
by the name(s) of (all) the author(s).
You should include each author's full name, unless
directed by the volume editors to use initials only with surname.
First names or initials must precede the surname.  In the case of
more than two authors, all from the same institution, the names of
the different authors should be separated by commas, with the last
name being preceded by ``and'' (not an ampersand).  Please use mixed
case text rather than all capitals, and double check that spelling
and spacing of all names are correct.

You now need to insert the affiliation(s) of the author(s). The command
for doing this in the template is:
\begin{quote}
\verb"\affil{"{\itshape Author's affiliation(s)}\verb"}"
\end{quote}
This is the normal way of typesetting affiliations.

Alternatively, authors' affiliations may also be designated  in
footnotes. This method (for reasons of simplicity) is not dealt with
by the template. The footnote method is recommended for  saving
space if there is  a large number of authors with different
affiliations. Authors and editors may wish to consult previous ASP
Conference Series volumes for examples.  Footnoted affiliations are
specified by replacing the \verb"\author" and \verb"\affil" commands
above with the following two commands:
\begin{quote}
\verb"\author{"{\itshape Author's
name(s)}\verb"\altaffilmark{"{\itshape note \#}\verb"}}"

\verb"\altaffiltext{"{\itshape same note \#}\verb"}{"{\itshape
Author's affiliation(s)}\verb"}"
\end{quote}
With either method, the affiliation should include the full postal
address of the author. The address will be broken over several lines
automatically if need be; do \emphasize{not} use \LaTeX's \verb"\\"
command to force the line breaks unless absolutely necessary. Again,
use mixed case text for all author and affiliation fields.  Three
guidelines are useful for dealing with affiliations:
\begin{enumerate}
\item If a superscript is attached to an authors name, it should follow any separating
comma, not precede it (for use of superscripts see below).
\item If the authors are from different institutions, list them institution by
institution (unless an author has more than one affiliation, in
which case see below).
\item If some of the authors have multiple affiliations, it is convenient to
use superscripts and list the affiliations in numerical order either
immediately below the author list or in footnotes, using the command
\verb"\altaffilmark{}".
\end{enumerate}
These complicated rules are best illustrated by a few examples
(taken from volume 249 of the ASP Conference Series).

\medskip

\noindent {\itshape Example 1:}
\begin{quote}
A. J. Baker\\
{\itshape MPI f\"ur extraterr.\ Physik, Postfach 1312, 85741 Garching, Germany}\\
%\vspace{-0.1cm}\\
\\
E. Schinnerer and N. Z. Scoville\\
{\itshape Department of Astronomy, Caltech 105-24, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA}\\
%\vspace{-0.1cm}\\
\\
P. P. Enlmaier, L. J. Tacconi, L. E. Tacconi-Garman, and N. Thatte\\
{\itshape MPI f\"ur extraterr.\ Physik, Postfach 1312, 85741
Garching, Germany}
\end{quote}

\medskip

\noindent {\itshape Example 2:}
\begin{quote}
Nino Panagia,$^1$ Henny J. G. L. M. Lamers,$^2$ Arjan Bik,$^2$\\
Willem J. de Witt,$^2$ Salvatore Scuderi,$^3$ Alessandro Capetti,$^4$\\
Martino Romaniello,$^5$ Maarco Spaans,$^6$ and Robert P. Kirshner$^7$\\
%\vspace{-0.1cm}\\
\indent\vdots\\
\footnotesize
{\itshape $^1$ESA/STScI, 3700 San Martin Drive, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA}\\
%\vspace{-0.1cm}\\
{\itshape $^2$Astronomical Institute, Princetonplein 5,
NL-3584 CC Utrecht, The Netherlands}\\
%\vspace{-0.1cm}\\
{\itshape $^3$Catania Astrophysical Observatory, Via Santa Sofia 78,
I-95125 Catania, Italy}\\
%\vspace{-0.1cm}\\
{\itshape $^4$Torino Astronomical Observatory, Strada Osservatorio
20, I-10025 Pino \\Torinese, Italy}\\
%\vspace{-0.1cm}\\
{\itshape $^5$European Southern Observatory, Karl-Schwarzschild
Strasse 2, D-85748 \\
Garchin-bei-M\"unchen, Germany}\\
%\vspace{-0.1cm}\\
{\itshape $^6$Kapteyn Astronomical Institute, PO Box 800, Groningen,
The Netherlands}\\
%\vspace{-0.1cm}\\
{\itshape $^7$Harvard--Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60
Garden Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA}\\
\normalsize
\end{quote}

\medskip

\noindent {\itshape Example 3:}
\begin{quote}
S. Stedman,$^1$ J. H. Knapen,$^{1,2}$ and D. M. Bramich$^2$\\
\\
{\itshape $^1$University of Hertfordshire, Dept.\ Physical Sciences,\\
Hatfield, Herts AL10 9AB, UK}\\
\\
{\itshape $^2$Isaac Newton Group of Telescopes, Apartado 321,\\
 E-38700 Santa Cruz de La Palma, Spain}\\
\end{quote}

\medskip

The first example needs no comment, but note that for the second
example the superscripts were used to save a lot of page space, and
that for the final example only superscripts can sort out the
problem of multiple affiliation.  In the second example, the
affiliations can either immediately follow the list of author names
or, to save even more space, can be listed as footnotes at the
bottom of the page, with footnote size text, as shown here.  Use the
\verb"\altaffilmark{}" and \verb"\altaffilltext{}{}" commands
described above to create footnote affiliations.

\subsubsection{Abstract}
The abstract should be enclosed in the {\tt abstract} environment.
\begin{quote}
\verb"\begin{abstract}"\\
\arg{Summary text}\\
\verb"\end{abstract}"
\end{quote}
(These commands are in the template file.) Don't include the word
``abstract'' at the start of your text; it is inserted automatically
and will appear in boldface followed by a point. The text of the
abstract should run on from this heading (as in the abstract of this
manual). Don't leave a blank line between the command
\verb"\begin{abstract}" and the first line of your abstract text.

\subsubsection{Keywords} Keywords are terms in a top--down
hierarchical classification system used for sorting research
articles into bibliographical categories.\footnote{They are
{\itshape not} meant to serve the purposes of standardization of
terminology.} You can include keywords in your manuscript, but they
will not appear on the page. Their use will be restricted purely to
providing bibliographical data for ADS from the electronic version
of the volume. There are several systems of keywords available, but
ASP adopts the version used by the major international astronomical
journals (A\&A, AJ, ApJ, MNRAS, PASP, etc.). You can download this
list of keywords from {\tt
http://www.journals.uchicago.edu/PASP/keywords.html}. To include
keywords in your manuscript, enclose them in the braces of the
\verb"\keywords{}" command in the template. For keyword syntax,
consult the author instructions of any major international
astronomical journal.

\subsection{The Main Text}
\subsubsection{Dividing Your Text into Sections}
You can divide your text into sections, as is done in this manual.
The {\tt asp2006} style supports three levels of sectioning.
\begin{quote}
\verb"\section{"\arg{heading}\verb"}"\\
\verb"\subsection{"\arg{heading}\verb"}"\\
\verb"\subsubsection{"\arg{heading}\verb"}"
\end{quote}
The first two of these commands will produce numbered section
headings in boldface set off from the following text. The third
command will produce an unnumbered italicized heading with run-on
text. Keep the structure of your text within the three-level
hierarchy; if that is not possible, then consult the volume editors,
who may have their own preferences. The volume editors may also
specify if they wish all authors to use numbered section headings or
not.  If you (or they) prefer not to have any of your sections
numbered you should use the following commands:
\begin{quote}
\verb"\section*{"\arg{heading}\verb"}"\\
\verb"\subsection*{"\arg{heading}\verb"}"\\
\end{quote}
Please use mixed case text (initial caps) for the section heads.
Note that these commands delimit sections by marking the {\itshape
beginning} of each section; there are no separate commands to
identify the {\itshape ends}.

For the top two levels of sectioning any mathematical expression should
be preceded by the command \verb"\boldmath", to be written outside the
math environment, as shown in the example below. This ensures that the entire
heading appears in boldface, hence giving a more professional look to the
page. Here is an example of a heading that includes a mathematical expression
typeset without using the \verb"\boldmath" command:
\begin{quote}
{\small
\verb"\section*{Evolution of Elliptical Galaxies to $z = 0.6$}"
}
\end{quote}
will produce
\begin{quote}
{\small
{\bfseries Evolution of Elliptical Galaxies to $z = 0.6$}
}
\end{quote}
And here is the same example with \verb"\boldmath":
\begin{quote}
{\small
\verb"\section*{Evolution of Elliptical Galaxies to \boldmath $z = 0.6$}"
}
\end{quote}
gives
\begin{quote}
{\small
{\bfseries Evolution of Elliptical Galaxies to \boldmath $z = 0.6$}
}
\end{quote}


\subsubsection{Typesetting the Main Text}
The first paragraphs in top-level and second-level sections will
automatically appear without indentation. That is intentional and
conforms to standard publishing practices: please don't alter it.
All subsequent paragraphs will be indented. For third-level
sections, the first paragraph simply runs on from the section title
with no paragraph break; all subsequent sections are indented.

In \LaTeX, paragraphs are indicated  either by the \verb"\par"
command or with a double carriage return. Never use the \verb"\\"
command to indicate a new paragraph, since this will only start a
new line with no indentation, which can be confusing to the reader
(and to the editor!).

Text is keyed in in the usual way. Appendix A lists most of the
\LaTeX\ textual symbols that you will ever need. \LaTeX\ will ignore
the typist's convention of a double space after points, colons and
semicolons, and will adjust the spacing between words and
punctuation marks according to its own internal typesetting rules.

{\itshape Occasionally, you will find that a word will overrun the
right text margin; this must be corrected since whatever overshoots
the margins will not be printed in the published version. This most
often occurs in long technical words or acronyms which \LaTeX\ does
not know how to split.} A simple way of ensuring a break in the
middle of a word is to insert \verb"\-" after a syllable where a
linebreak is allowed. As an example, possible word breaks in the
word ``buckminsterfullerene'' could be keyed in as follows:
\begin{quote}
\verb"buck\-min\-ster\-ful\-ler\-ene"
\end{quote}
{\itshape Merriam-Webster's Collegiate
Dictionary} \citeyearpar{mw},
which all authors and editors working in American English should
have at their side, is an excellent guide to correct word division and is also
useful in this respect for British English.\footnote{See \citet{mah02} for a
list of useful aids for authors and editors.}

If you find the occasional bad word break, you can use\\

\verb"\begin{sloppypar}" {\itshape text of paragraph} \verb"\end{sloppypar}"\\

\noindent
which will switch off the hyphenation for the offending paragraph. Don't overuse
the {\ttfamily sloppypar} environment since it may result in some very sparse lines
of text. You can also avoid bad word breaks by preceding a phrase with
\verb"\sloppy" and following it with the command \verb"\fussy" (which switches
\verb"\sloppy" off). If none of these techniques offers an acceptable solution,
it might be necessary to redraft the offending sentence.

A word needs to be said about the spacing after points. If a
sentence ends with a lower case letter you need do nothing except
put the end point (period or ``full stop''). If, however, a sentence
contains an abbreviation that ends in a point but does not end the
sentence (a common one being {\itshape etc.\/}), then a backslash or
a tilde must link the stop and the following word in order not to
leave too large a space between
the abbreviation and the word. So for\\

\hfil{\ttfamily Bloggs et al. got it wrong.}\hfil$\rightarrow$\hfil Bloggs
et al. got it wrong.\hfil\\

\noindent we should have typed\\

\hfil{\ttfamily Bloggs et al.}\verb"~"{\ttfamily
got it wrong.}\hfil$\rightarrow$\hfil Bloggs et al.~got it wrong. \\

\noindent (the difference in this example is slight but it can be considerable
for a particularly dense line of type). Keep a lookout for parenthetical phrases
ending in ``etc.)'': if such a parenthesis occurs in mid sentence you should type
{\ttfamily etc.)}\verb"~" and not just {\ttfamily etc.)}.

A further complication occurs with sentences ending in capitals. \LaTeX\ normally
puts an interword---not an intersentence---space after a point preceded by a capital
so as not to leave too large a space after initials in a name. You can force an
intersentence space by appending the \verb"@" symbol to any stop preceded by a
capital. Hence write\\

{\ttfamily I love vitamin C.@ It starts the day off right.}\\

\noindent to get the correct spacing between the point and the capital starting the next sentence.



Regarding vertical spacing, the \verb"\vspace" command should not be
used by authors to squeeze in a few more lines of text, as it will
probably cause problems when added to the entire volume.  Rewrite
portions of the paper, if necessary, to stay within page
limitations.  Similarly, text that has been commented out in the
\LaTeX\ file can ``reappear'' when viewed in a different text
editor.  Authors must delete that commented-out text before sending
the manuscript to the editor.  Avoiding or removing \LaTeX\
customizations and adjustments will make the editor's tasks much
easier.

\LaTeXe\ organizes fonts according to {\itshape shape}, {\itshape
series}, and {\itshape family} (see Table~1). Font types can be
invoked either as {\itshape commands}
 (which can also be used to insert normal text into
equations, etc.)\ or as {\itshape declarations}
(which cannot be used in mathmode);
in other words, for ordinary text use the declarations and for mathmode use
the commands, as shown in Table~1. If you happen to change fonts in a
paragraph, remember to enclose the declaration in curly brackets so that the
declaration does not overspill into the rest of the text.

\begin{table}[!ht]
\label{fonts}
\caption{Typefaces in \LaTeXe}
\smallskip
\begin{center}
{\small
\begin{tabular}{lll}
\tableline
\noalign{\smallskip}
Command&Declaration&Both will give:\\
\noalign{\smallskip}
\tableline
\noalign{\smallskip}
\verb"\textup{}"&\verb"\upshape"&\textup{Upright text}\\
\verb"\textit{}"&\verb"\itshape"&\textit{Italics}\\
\verb"\textsl{}"&\verb"\slshape" &\textsl{Slanted text}\\
\verb"\textsc{}"&\verb"\scshape" &\textsc{Small caps}\\
&&\\
\verb"\textmd{}"&\verb"\mdseries" &\textmd{A medium-weight
typeface}\\
\verb"\textbf{}"&\verb"\bfseries" &\textbf{Boldface}\\
&&\\
\verb"\textrm{}"&\verb"\rmfamily" &\textrm{Roman type}\\
\verb"\textsf{}"&\verb"\sffamily" &\textsf{Sans serif type}\\
\verb"\texttt{}"&\verb"\ttfamily" &\texttt{Typewriter type}\\
\noalign{\smallskip}
\tableline\
\end{tabular}
}
\end{center}
\end{table}

Font size can be changed with the commands in Table~2. In {\tt
asp2006} style, \verb"\normalsize" is 11 pt, and the other sizes
scale accordingly.

\begin{table}[!ht]
\label{sizes}
\caption{\LaTeX\ commands for changing font size}
\smallskip
\begin{center}
{\small
\begin{tabular}{ll}
\tableline
\noalign{\smallskip}
Command & Size\\
\noalign{\smallskip}
\tableline
\noalign{\smallskip}
\verb"\tiny" & {\tiny Tiny}\\
\verb"\scriptsize"&{\scriptsize Scriptsize}\\
\verb"\footnotesize"&{\footnotesize Footnotesize}\\
\verb"\small"&{\small Small}\\
\verb"\normalsize"&{\normalsize Normalsize}\\
\verb"\large"&{\large Large}\\
\verb"\Large"&{\Large Larger}\\
\verb"\LARGE"&{\LARGE Larger still}\\
\verb"\huge"&{\huge Yet larger}\\
\verb"\Huge"&{\Huge Huge}\\
\noalign{\smallskip}
\tableline
\end{tabular}
}
\end{center}
\end{table}

\begin{center}
\fbox{\parbox{10cm}{{\bfseries\itshape \LaTeX\ Booby Trap Warning:}
Never type ``\%'' on its own. Doing so will remove whatever follows it until
the next carriage return. If you want to write, say, 10\% you
must insert a backslash ($\backslash$) before the ``\%'' symbol.}}
\end{center}
If you accidentally let a lone \% symbol loose in the text and then carry on typing
  away merrily without hitting
the carriage return, you will end up with a large chunk of  missing
text and it might not be overly obvious why. If you find text
mysteriously disappearing, it might be a good idea to do a search
for lone \% symbols (remembering to insert a blank space before the
\% symbol in your search tool).

\subsubsection{Acknowledgements}
If you wish to have an acknowledgements section, use the command
\begin{quote}
\verb"\acknowledgements"
\end{quote}
in the template file.
The text should follow after pressing the space bar once. So write simply,
\begin{quote}
\verb"\acknowledgements We thank the Big Bang for making"\\
\verb"this symposium possible."
\end{quote}
to produce:
\begin{quote}
{\bfseries Acknowledgements.} We thank the Big Bang for making this symposium
 possible.
\end{quote}
This will separate the acknowledgements from the previous section
with a section division spacing and indent the word {\itshape
Acknowledgements} in boldface. Do {\itshape not} use
\verb"\section{Acknowledgements}" to create
an acknowledgements section (it does not warrant and should not have full section
status).

\subsection{Mathematics}
\LaTeX\ can produce highly sophisticated pages of mathematics, but
most authors will be able to get by with a very limited subset of
\LaTeX\ commands. The most common \LaTeX\ mathematical commands are
listed in Appendix B, and a number of useful macros for expressions
frequently found in astronomy are listed in Appendix C. If your
paper involves a lot of mathematics, then you should obtain a copy
of Leslie Lamport's {\itshape \LaTeX\ User's Guide and Reference
Manual} \citep{lam94}, which caters to the most common mathematical
typesetting needs of authors. A more detailed discussion of \LaTeX\
mathematical typesetting is given in \citet{kop99}. For an
exhaustive discussion of the general principles of typsetting
 mathematics, consult the
{\itshape Chicago Manual of Style} \citep{ucp93}.

The most common typsetting failings of authors are:
\begin{itemize}
\item Not putting mathematical variables and constants in italics, both
in displayed equations and in the text itself. You should write, for example,
\[t_0 = \frac{3(t_1 + t_2 + t_3 + t_4)\pm \sqrt{H}}{12}\]
and not
\[\mathrm{t_0 = \frac{3(t_1 + t_2 + t_3 + t_4)\pm \sqrt{H}}{12}}\]
\item Haphazard use of enclosures (parentheses, brackets, etc.). As a general rule,
try to follow the scheme recommended in {\itshape The Chicago Manual of Style}:
\begin{displaymath}
\Big{\{}\ \Big{[}\ \Big{(}\ \{\ [\ (\hspace{0.5cm} )\ ]\ \}\ \Big{)}\
\Big{]}\ \Big{\}}
\end{displaymath}
\end{itemize}

Displayed equations can be typeset in many ways using the standard
displayed math environments of \LaTeX;
these three are probably of greatest use:
\begin{quote}
\verb"\begin{displaymath}"\\
\verb"\end{displaymath}"\\[.5ex]
\verb"\begin{equation}"\\
\verb"\end{equation}"\\[.5ex]
\verb"\begin{eqnarray}"\\
\verb"\end{eqnarray}"
\end{quote}
The {\tt displaymath} environment will break out a single,
unnumbered formula. The same effect can be obtained by enclosing
the mathematical expression in the double dollar sign (\verb"$$ . . . $$)" or
inside the delimiters \verb"\[ . . . \]". The equation will appear the same if it
is set in an {\tt equation} environment, and it will be
autonumbered by \LaTeX. So
\begin{quote}
\verb"\begin{equation}"\\
\verb"{\mathbold\nabla g\cdot T} = \frac{\partial g}{\partial x}"\\
\verb"\left( -\frac{\partial f}{\partial y}\right) +"\\
\verb"\frac{\partial g}{\partial f}\frac{\partial f}{\partial x}"\\
\verb"= \frac{\partial (f,g)}{\partial(x,y)}"\\
\verb"\end{equation}"
\end{quote}
will produce:
\begin{equation}
\mathbf{\nabla} g\mathbf{\cdot T}a = \frac{\partial g}{\partial x}
\left( -\frac{\partial f}{\partial y}\right)
+ \frac{\partial g}{\partial f}\frac{\partial f}{\partial x}
= \frac{\partial (f,g)}{\partial(x,y)}
\end{equation}
and the same equation typeset in the {\tt displaymath} environment will suppress
the equation number.

In order to set several formulae in which vertical alignment
is required, use the {\tt eqnarray} environment. This environment will automatically
number each line of the equation. If you want only certain lines numbered, then
you can suppress the numbering of a given line by typing {\verb"\nonumber"} after it.
Use {\verb"eqnarray*"} if you wish to avoid all numbering. Here is an example of
the {\tt eqnarray} environment in use:
\begin{quote}
\verb"\begin{eqnarray}"\\
\verb"\int\!\int\limits_R\!\int_R f\,dx\,dy\,dz & = &"\\
\verb"\int\limits_{0}^{1}\int_{0}^{x^2}\int\limits_{0}^{x+y}"\\
\verb"(2x - y -z) dx\,dy\,dz\nonumber\\"\\
\verb"& = & \frac{3}{2}\int\limits_{0}^{1}\int\limits_{0}^{x^2}"\\
\verb"\left(x^2 - y^2\right)\,dy\,dz\nonumber\\"\\
\verb"& = & \frac{3}{2}\int\limits_{0}^{1}"\\
\verb"\left(x^4 - \frac{x^6}{3}\right)\,dx\nonumber\\"\\
\verb"& = & \frac{8}{35}."\\
\verb"\end{eqnarray}"
\end{quote}
would produce
\begin{eqnarray}
\int\!\int\limits_R\!\int f\,dx\,dy\,dz & = &
\int\limits_{0}^{1}\int\limits_{0}^{x^2}\int\limits_{0}^{x+y}
(2x - y -z)\,dx\,dy\,dz\nonumber\\
& = & \frac{3}{2}\int\limits_{0}^{1}\int\limits_{0}^{x^2} \left( x^2 - y^2
\right)\,dy\,dz\nonumber\\
& = & \frac{3}{2}\int\limits_{0}^{1} \left(x^4 - \frac{x^6}{3}\right)\,dx\nonumber\\
& = & \frac{8}{35}.
\end{eqnarray}

If you need to equate
a single-line expression to a multiple-line expression, or
matrices and determinants, then you will need the
{\tt array} environment. Here are some examples of the {\tt array}
environment at work:

\subsubsection{Expression involving multiple lines in a single-line equation:}
\begin{quote}
\verb"\["\\
\verb"Y_l^m(\theta,\phi)"\\
\verb"= \sqrt{{\frac{2l+1}{4\pi}}\frac{(l-|m|)!}{(l+|m|)!}}"\\
\verb"P_l^{|m|}(\cos \theta)e^{im\phi}\times \left\{"\\
\verb"\begin{array}{ll}"\\
\verb"(-1)^m & \mbox{for $m \ge 0$}\\"\\
\verb"1      & \mbox{for $m < 0$}"\\
\verb"\end{array}"\\
\verb"\right."\\
\verb"\]"\\
\end{quote}
produces
\[
Y_l^m(\theta,\phi) = \sqrt{{\frac{2l+1}{4\pi}}\frac{(l-|m|)!}{(l+|m|)!}}
P_l^{|m|}(\cos \theta)e^{im\phi}\times \left\{
\begin{array}{ll}
(-1)^m & \mbox{for $m \ge 0$}\\
1      & \mbox{for $m < 0$}
\end{array}
\right.
\]
The {\tt ll} argument indicates that the elements of the array are to be left
justified. Other justifications are right justified ({\tt r}) and centered ({\tt c}).
The expression \verb"\right." (the point is there intentionally)
indicates that the right brace should be invisible.

\subsubsection{Matrices and determinants:}
\begin{quote}
\verb"\["\\
\verb"\left("\\
\verb"\begin{array}{cc}"\\
\verb"a_{11} & a_{12}\cdots a_{1n}\\"\\
\verb"a_{21} & a_{22}\cdots a_{2n}\\"\\
\verb"\vdots & \vdots\hfil\ddots\hfil\vdots\\"\\
\verb"a_{n1} & a_{n2}\cdots a_{nn}"\\
\verb"\end{array}"\\
\verb"\right)"\\
\verb"\left("\\
\verb"\begin{array}{c}"\\
\verb"x_1\\"\\
\verb"x_2\\"\\
\verb"\vdots\\"\\
\verb"x_n"\\
\verb"\end{array}"\\
\verb"\right) ="\\
\verb"\left("\\
\verb"\begin{array}{c}"\\
\verb"h_1\\"\\
\verb"H_2\\"\\
\verb"\vdots\\"\\
\verb"h_n"\\
\verb"\end{array}"\\
\verb"\right)"\\
\verb"\]"\\

\end{quote}
gives
\[
\left(
\begin{array}{cl}
a_{11} & a_{12}\cdots a_{1n}\\
a_{21} & a_{22}\cdots a_{2n}\\
\vdots & \vdots\hfil\ddots\hfil\vdots\\
a_{n1} & a_{n2}\cdots a_{nn}
\end{array}
\right)
\left(
\begin{array}{c}
x_1\\
x_2\\
\vdots\\
x_n
\end{array}
\right) =
\left(
\begin{array}{c}
h_1\\
h_2\\
\vdots\\
h_n
\end{array}
\right)
\]
and
\begin{quote}
\verb"\begin{eqnarray*}"\\
\verb"I_b & = & \frac{\left|\begin{array}{ccc}"\\
\verb"-(R_1 + R_3) & -V & R_3\\"\\
\verb"      R_1    &  0 & R_5\\"\\
\verb"     -R_3    &  0 & R_3 + R_4 + R_5"\\
\verb"\end{array}\right|}{\left|\begin{array}{ccc}"\\
\verb"-(R_1 + R_3)    &      0     &     R_3\\"\\
\verb"      R_1       & -(R_1 + R_2 + R_5) & R_5\\"\\
\verb"     -R_3       &     -R_5   & R_3 + R_4 + R_5"\\
\verb"\end{array}\right|} \\"\\
\verb"    & = & \frac{VR_5R_3 + VR_1(R_3 + R_4 + R_5)}{\Delta}"\\
\verb"\end{eqnarray*}"\\
\end{quote}
gives
\begin{eqnarray*}
I_b & = & \frac{\left|\begin{array}{ccc}
-(R_1 + R_3) & -V & R_3\\
      R_1    &  0 & R_5\\
     -R_3    &  0 & R_3 + R_4 + R_5
\end{array}\right|}{\left|\begin{array}{ccc}
-(R_1 + R_3)    &      0     &     R_3\\
      R_1       & -(R_1 + R_2 + R_5) & R_5\\
     -R_3       &     -R_5   & R_3 + R_4 + R_5
\end{array}\right|} \\
    & = & \frac{VR_5R_3 + VR_1(R_3 + R_4 + R_5)}{\Delta}
\end{eqnarray*}


To incorporate a mathematical equation or expression into a line of
text,  enclose it with either the \verb"\(. . .\)" or the single
\verb"$" signs (the double dollar signs, \verb"$$", would create an
unnumbered displayed equation). When typesetting in a line of text
such mathematical expressions as
$$\frac{x}{a}+\frac{y}{4a},$$
use the solidus (/) to  produce \( x/a + y/(4a)\). Using the solidus
avoids uneven line spacings. Note also that the \verb"\( . . . \)"
delimiter automatically takes care to force integral and summation
limits to fit the text line; hence,
\begin{quote}
\verb"\("
\verb"\( f(x) = A_0 +"\\
\verb"\Sigma_{n = 1)^{\infty}\left\{ a_n \cos nx +"\\
\verb"b_n \sin nx \right\}"\\
\verb"\)"
\end{quote}
will produce
\(
f(x) = A_0 +\Sigma_{n = 1}^{\infty}\left\{ a_n \cos nx + b_n \sin nx \right\}
\) to fit into a line of text without causing extra line spacing.



\subsection{Tables}
Keep the layout of your tables as simple as possible, with single horizontal
rules
above and below the column headings and a third horizontal line at the bottom
of the table; don't use vertical rules for separating the columns. Physical
units in the column heads should appear in parentheses beneath the parameter.
The caption goes at the top of the table. For single-sentence captions there
should be no stop. Here is a simple table, followed by the \LaTeX\ code to
produce it:
\begin{table}[!ht]
\caption{A simple table}
\smallskip
\begin{center}
{\small
\begin{tabular}{ccccc}
\tableline
\noalign{\smallskip}
Component & Velocity & $N_{\mathrm{O\, VI}}$ & $N_{\mathrm{H}}$ & Covering factor\\
          &[km s$^{-1}$]& [cm$^{-2}$]& [cm$^{-2}$]& \\
\noalign{\smallskip}
\tableline
\noalign{\smallskip}
1 & $-1352$ & $1.7 \times 10^{15}$ & $9.0 \times 10^{14}$ & 1.0\\
2 & $-599$  & $4.1 \times 10^{15}$ & $2.1 \times 10^{15}$ & 0.9\\
3 & $-792$  & $2.1 \times 10^{15}$ & $1.7 \times 10^{15}$ & 0.7\\
4 & $-1029$ & $6.0 \times 10^{15}$ & $2.3 \times 10^{15}$ & 0.5\\
\noalign{\smallskip}
\tableline
\end{tabular}
}
\end{center}
\end{table}

\begin{quote}
\verb"\begin{table}[!ht]"\\
\verb"\caption{A simple table}"\\
\verb"\smallskip"\\
\verb"\begin{center}"\\
\verb"{\small "\\
\verb"\begin{tabular}{ccccc}"\\
\verb"\tableline"\\
\verb"\noalign{\smallskip}"\\
\verb"Component & Velocity & $N_{\mathrm{O\, VI}}$ "\\
\verb"& $N_{\mathrm{H}}$ & Covering factor\\"\\
\verb"          &[km s$^{-1}$]& [cm$^{-2}$]& [cm$^{-2}$]& \\"\\
\verb"\noalign{\smallskip}"\\
\verb"\tableline"\\
\verb"\noalign{\smallskip}"\\
\verb"1 & $-1352$ & $1.7 \times 10^{15}$ & $9.0 \times 10^{14}$ & 1.0\\"\\
\verb"2 & $-599$  & $4.1 \times 10^{15}$ & $2.1 \times 10^{15}$ & 0.9\\"\\
\verb"3 & $-792$  & $2.1 \times 10^{15}$ & $1.7 \times 10^{15}$ & 0.7\\"\\
\verb"4 & $-1029$ & $6.0 \times 10^{15}$ & $2.3 \times 10^{15}$ & 0.5\\"\\
\verb"\noalign{\smallskip}"\\
\verb"\tableline"\\
\verb"\end{tabular}"\\
\verb"}"\\
\verb"\end{center}"\\
\verb"\end{table}"\\
\end{quote}
The \verb"\begin{table}[!ht]" and \verb"\end{table}" commands float
the table in the document, the \verb"[!ht]" argument causing the
table to be put either at the top of the page or closest to the
point in the text where these commands are invoked. The
\verb"\caption{}" command placed right after the
\verb"\begin{table}" command puts the caption above the table, which
is ASP house style. The \verb"\smallskip" command inserts a small
space between the caption and the table. The commands
\verb"\begin{center}" and \verb"\end{center}"  center the table
between the left and right margins (although the caption remains
uncentered in this sense). The table proper begins with the
declaration \verb"\begin{tabular}{ccccc}", which starts the {\tt
tabular} environment. The five ``c''s will create five centered
columns. Horizontal rules are drawn using the command
\verb"\tableline". In order to prevent the following text from being
printed too close to this line you need to insert a small vertical
space with the command \verb"\noalign{\smallskip}"; the
\verb"\noalign{}" command is necessary inside the {\tt tabular}
environment. The column entries are separated by an ampersand and a
carriage return \verb"\\" must be placed at the end of each row in
the table.


To subdivide column headings use the
\verb"\multicolumn{}{}{}" command, as in the following
example:

\begin{table}[!ht]
\caption{A more complicated table}
\smallskip
\begin{center}
{\small
\begin{tabular}{llll}
\tableline
\noalign{\smallskip}
Target & Type & \multicolumn{2}{c}{$v\sin i$}\\
       &      & \multicolumn{2}{c}{[km s$^{-1}$]}\\
\noalign{\smallskip}
\cline{3-4}
\noalign{\smallskip}
       &      & Measured & Adopted\\
\noalign{\smallskip}
\tableline
\noalign{\smallskip}
BH Cep & HAe/Be &97 $\pm$ 8(8); 97 $\pm$ 5(7); 98 $\pm$ 6(11) & 97\\
49 Cet & Vega-like & 183 $\pm$ 9(4); 187 $\pm$ 4(3)& 186\\
$\vdots$ & $\vdots$ & $\vdots$ & $\vdots$\\
HD 233517 & Vega-like & 17 $\pm$ 3(5), 16 $\pm$ 2(6); 15 $\pm$ 2(24) & 15\\
\noalign{\smallskip}
\tableline
\end{tabular}
}
\end{center}
\end{table}
This table was produced with the following \LaTeX\ code:
\begin{quote}
\verb"\begin{table}[!ht]"\\
\verb"\caption{A more complicated table}"\\
\verb"\smallskip"\\
\verb"\begin{center}"\\
\verb"{\small "\\
\verb"\begin{tabular}{llll}"\\
\verb"\tableline"\\
\verb"\noalign{\smallskip}"\\
\verb"Target & Type & \multicolumn{2}{c}{$v\sin i$ (km s$^{-1}$)}\\ "\\
\verb"\noalign{\smallskip}"\\
\verb"\cline{3-4}"\\
\verb"\noalign{\smallskip}"\\
\verb"       &      & Measured & Adopted\\"\\
\verb"\noalign{\smallskip}"\\
\verb"\tableline"\\
\verb"\noalign{\smallskip}"\\
\verb"BH Cep & HAe/Be &97 $\pm$ 8(8); 97 $\pm$ 5(7);"\\
\verb"98 $\pm$ 6(11) & 97\\"\\
\verb"49 Cet & Vega-like & 183 $\pm$ 9(4);"\\
\verb"187 $\pm$ 4(3)& 186\\"\\
\verb"$\vdots$ & $\vdots$ & $\vdots$ & $\vdots$\\"\\
\verb"HD 233517 & Vega-like & 17 $\pm$ 3(5), 1"\\
\verb"6 $\pm$ 2(6); 15 $\pm$ 2(24) & 15\\"\\
\verb"\noalign{\smallskip}"\\
\verb"\tableline"\\
\verb"\end{tabular}"\\
\verb"}"\\
\verb"\end{center}"\\
\verb"\end{table}"\\
\end{quote}
The three arguments for the \verb"\multicolumn{}{}{}" command are:
1) the number of columns over which the entry is spread, 2) column
alignment ({\tt l} = left justified, {\tt r} = right justified, and
{\tt c} = centered), and 3) text.

Note the use of the \verb"\cline{3-4}" command to draw a horizontal rule for
the third and fourth columns only. It is also preceded and followed by
\begin{quote}
\verb"\noalign{\smallskip}"
\end{quote}
in order to avoid a cluttered appearance.

\LaTeX\ can produce tables of any degree of complexity and it would take many
pages to describe all the possibilites here. For further information on tables,
refer to Kopka \& Daly (1999).
There should be only one table per environment.

Finally, here is an example of a landscape table.

\begin{quote}
\verb"\begin{landscape}"\\
\verb"\begin{table}[!ht]"\\
\verb"\caption{A table in landscape mode}"\\
\verb"\smallskip"\\
\verb"\begin{center}"\\
\verb"{\small "\\
\verb"\begin{tabular}{lccccccc}"\\
\verb"\tableline"\\
\verb"\noalign{\smallskip}"\\
\verb"{\itshape IRAS} name& $z$ & Type & FWHM &" \\
\verb"\multicolumn{2}{c}{Colors in 1$\arcsec$} & "\\
\verb"\multicolumn{2}{c}{for 1000 K dust}\\"\\
\verb"&&&[kpc] & $J-H$ & $H-K$ & $A_V$ & $f_K$\\"\\
\verb"\noalign{\smallskip}"\\
\verb"\tableline"\\
\verb"\noalign{\smallskip}"\\
\verb"00150+4937 S & 0.148 & ? & 1.11 & 1.13 &"\\
\verb" 1.06 & 4.61 & 0.40\\"\\
\verb"$\vdots$&$\vdots$&$\vdots$&"\\
\verb"$\vdots$&$\vdots$&$\vdots$&$\vdots$&$\vdots$\\"\\
\verb"12112+0305 NE & 0.073 LINER & $<0.48$ & 1.06 &"\\
\verb"0.97 & 4.00 & 0.45\\"\\
\verb"\noalign{\smallskip}"\\
\verb"\tableline"\\
\verb"\end{tabular}"\\
\verb"}"\\
\verb"\end{center}"\\
\verb"\end{table}"\\
\verb"\end{landscape}"\\
\end{quote}

\begin{landscape}
\begin{figure}[!ht]
\caption{A table in landscape mode}
\smallskip
\begin{center}
{\small
\begin{tabular}{lccccccc}
\tableline
\noalign{\smallskip}
{\itshape IRAS} name& $z$ & Type & FWHM &
\multicolumn{2}{c}{Colors in 1$\arcsec$} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{for 1000 K dust}\\
&&&[kpc] & $J-H$ & $H-K$ & $A_V$ & $f_K$\\
\noalign{\smallskip}
\tableline
\noalign{\smallskip}
00150+4937 S & 0.148 & ? & 1.11 & 1.13 & 1.06 & 4.61 & 0.40\\
$\vdots$&$\vdots$&$\vdots$&$\vdots$&$\vdots$&$\vdots$&$\vdots$&$\vdots$\\
$\vdots$&$\vdots$&$\vdots$&$\vdots$&$\vdots$&$\vdots$&$\vdots$&$\vdots$\\
$\vdots$&$\vdots$&$\vdots$&$\vdots$&$\vdots$&$\vdots$&$\vdots$&$\vdots$\\
$\vdots$&$\vdots$&$\vdots$&$\vdots$&$\vdots$&$\vdots$&$\vdots$&$\vdots$\\
$\vdots$&$\vdots$&$\vdots$&$\vdots$&$\vdots$&$\vdots$&$\vdots$&$\vdots$\\
$\vdots$&$\vdots$&$\vdots$&$\vdots$&$\vdots$&$\vdots$&$\vdots$&$\vdots$\\
$\vdots$&$\vdots$&$\vdots$&$\vdots$&$\vdots$&$\vdots$&$\vdots$&$\vdots$\\
$\vdots$&$\vdots$&$\vdots$&$\vdots$&$\vdots$&$\vdots$&$\vdots$&$\vdots$\\
$\vdots$&$\vdots$&$\vdots$&$\vdots$&$\vdots$&$\vdots$&$\vdots$&$\vdots$\\
$\vdots$&$\vdots$&$\vdots$&$\vdots$&$\vdots$&$\vdots$&$\vdots$&$\vdots$\\
$\vdots$&$\vdots$&$\vdots$&$\vdots$&$\vdots$&$\vdots$&$\vdots$&$\vdots$\\
$\vdots$&$\vdots$&$\vdots$&$\vdots$&$\vdots$&$\vdots$&$\vdots$&$\vdots$\\
$\vdots$&$\vdots$&$\vdots$&$\vdots$&$\vdots$&$\vdots$&$\vdots$&$\vdots$\\
$\vdots$&$\vdots$&$\vdots$&$\vdots$&$\vdots$&$\vdots$&$\vdots$&$\vdots$\\
$\vdots$&$\vdots$&$\vdots$&$\vdots$&$\vdots$&$\vdots$&$\vdots$&$\vdots$\\
12112+0305 NE & & LINER & $<0.48$ & 1.06 & 0.97 & 4.00 & 0.45\\
\noalign{\smallskip}
\tableline
\end{tabular}
}
\end{center}
\end{figure}
\end{landscape}

\subsection{Figures}
\subsubsection{Copyrighted Images} If a figure has been previously
published, you must receive written permission from both the
original publisher and author to use the image in your paper.  At
the end of the figure caption include a complete acknowledgement of
the source, including that it is used by permission. Information
such as publisher, author, volume number, page number and who holds
the copyright should all be included.  A ``Permission to Use'' form
and sample acknowledgements are available on the Author's Page at
\verb"www.aspbooks.org" for your convenience.

\subsubsection{Directory Structure} Editors sometimes encounter pathnames that
they cannot access (e.g., the author's home directory).
Please keep all your files in the same
directory to avoid the pathname problem.

\subsubsection{Image Size} Please ensure that the size of your figures is not below
the limit of legibility. All text in figures must be readable at a
10\% reduction. Please also ensure that your figures have no
surrounding white margins: your figures should be cropped for the
removal of all such margins.  Images must also fit within the text
margins (5.25 inches, 13.4 cm).  See {\itshape Size of
Illustrations} below for help with help with large images.

\subsubsection{Resolution}
For a minimum quality print of the image, the figure should be
submitted with a resolution greater than 266 ppi (pixels per inch).
Bear in mind that line (i.e., purely black and white) diagrams
(graphs, etc.) must be of a suitably higher resolution (e.g., 800
ppi) to avoid pixelation (jaggedness).

Hairlines in graphs, charts and other illustrations do not reproduce
well; use a minimum .25 point (0.0035 in.)~line weight.  Also,
ensure that contour lines will not run together with a 10\%
reduction.

For line illustrations use vector diagrams instead of scanning a
previously published line diagram wherever possible. If you do
decide to scan, say, a graph, ensure that all text, especially
physical units, are legible with a 10\% reduction. See also the
subsection on font conversion for information on fonts in vector
diagrams.

For more complete information on image types, resolution, size and
color, please see the following technical information from our
printer:
\begin{quote}
Digital Art Guidelines:\\
\verb"http://dx.sheridan.com/guidelines/digital_art.html"

Resolution information:\\
\verb"http://dx.sheridan.com/advisor/effective_resolution.html"

Color information:\\
\verb"http://dx.sheridan.com/advisor/cmyk_color.html"
\end{quote}

\subsubsection{Photographs}
Photographs should be saved or scanned in \verb".eps" format, must
be scaled and positioned to fit within margins and must be of
sufficiently high resolution (266-600 ppi) to reproduce well.
Remember that captions should describe the photo in black and white
unless paying for color printing.

\subsubsection{Color}
ASP Conference Series books are printed in black and white, with
exceptional use being made of color where the author or author's
institution is prepared to pay for this.  Color images may be
printed in color at a cost of \$975.00 for the first image in the
volume and \$500.00 for each additional image. Contact the volume
editor for questions regarding printing images in color. ASP does
offer authors free color reproduction in the electronic version of
the volume which will be available at \verb"www.aspbooks.org". If an
image is available in color, authors should submit the color image.
The color will be retained on the website but converted to grayscale
for the printed volume, unless the author has paid for color
printing.

When converted to grayscale, many colors tend to appear the same.
For example, dark shades of red, green and blue will all appear as
black in a grayscale image.  Yellow may become white.  If this will
cause confusion, it may be best to redo the image or pay for color
printing.  If concerned about the conversion to grayscale, an author
should submit an acceptable grayscale image, clearly named, along
with the color image.

A problem can arise when an image is to be printed out in color. The
computer screen
 uses the three-color model of Red, Green, Blue (RGB). When color
 is printed, the four-color model of Cyan, Magenta, Yellow, and Black (CMYK)
 is used. The results in the colors are slightly different. The change is barely
 noticeable  with photographs, but other graphics will be greatly affected.
 Figure 1 shows the difference (which is more clearly seen on screen).
If authors are concerned about these tonal shifts, they should
submit images created in CMYK.
 \setcounter{figure}{0}
 \begin{figure}[!h]
 \plottwo{rgb.eps}{cmyk.eps}
 \caption{{\itshape Left:\/} RGB model.
 {\itshape Right:\/} The same in CMYK. Note that the
 figure in CMYK is not as bright.}
 \end{figure}

\subsubsection{Color Figure Captions}  Authors need to bear in mind,
when submitting a color image for the electronic version only, that
since the book will be printed in black and white, they need to
provide a caption that works equally for both the color and
grayscale versions.

\subsubsection{Font Conversion}
Another issue we come across is the use of Type 3 fonts within figures. The use
of this type of font results in unpredictable results at the printer. Type 3
fonts are used as the default for dvips. To use the correct type (Type 1) when
using dvips, add the option -Ppdf to dvips. A command might look like the following:

\medskip

{\tt dvips -Ppdf figure.dvi}

\medskip
%For an excellent discussion of Type 3 fonts, consult the document {\itshape
%\LaTeX\ Fonts and PDF Files} on the website
%
%\verb"http:\\www.aaai.org/Publications/Author/latex-fonts.html"
%

\subsubsection{Figure Placement in Text}
The two graphics packages {\tt psfig.sty} and {\tt epsf.sty} should
be in your preamble (see \S 2.1). To place a figure in the text,
invoke the {\tt figure} environment with the command

\begin{quote}
\verb"\begin{figure}[!ht]"
\end{quote}

\noindent(\verb"[!ht]" ensures that the figure is placed either
close to where you call it or that it goes to the top of the page).
As with all \verb"\begin{}"-type commands, you must remember to
close it with
\begin{quote}
\verb"\end{figure}"
\end{quote}

ASP style supports three tools for inserting figures, depending on
the complexity of the task:
\begin{itemize}
\item \verb"\plotone{"{\itshape filename}\verb"}", which plots a single image;
\item \verb"\plottwo{"{\itshape filename1}\verb"}{"{\itshape
filename2}\verb"}", which plots two figures side by side; and
\item
\verb"\plotfiddle{"\arg{file}\verb"}{"\arg{vsize}\verb"}{"\arg{rot}\verb"}{"\arg{hsf}\verb"}{"\arg{vsf}\verb"}{"\arg{htrans}\verb"}{"\arg{vtrans}\verb"}",
which, as the name suggests, allows you to ``fiddle'' the illustration into position.
\end{itemize}
\noindent If possible, use \verb"\plotone" or \verb"\plottwo" for
simplicity and to avoid editorial complications later.  If
\verb"\plotfiddle" is needed for exact placement of a figure, the
arguments of
\verb"\plotfiddle{"\arg{file}\verb"}{"\arg{vsize}\verb"}{"\arg{rot}\verb"}{"\arg{hsf}\verb"}{"\arg{vsf}\verb"}{"\arg{htrans}\verb"}{"\arg{vtrans}\verb"}"
are as follows:

\begin{quote}
\begin{tabular}{lp{3in}}
\tt vsize & vertical white space to allow for plot, any valid \LaTeX\ dimension\\
\tt rot & rotation angle, in degrees, counter-clockwise\\
\tt hsf & horizontal scale factor, percent\\
\tt vsf & vertical scale factor, percent\\
\tt htrans & horizontal translation, in points (in printer's
jargon there are 72 points
to the inch)\\
\tt vtrans & vertical translation, in points\\
\end{tabular}
\end{quote}

In ASP style, the figure captions must appear below the figures. Also,
please note that the caption will be centered under the pair of
graphics when \verb"\plottwo" is used.  It is not possible to caption the two
plots individually with this package (neither is it ASP style to do so).

As with tables, figures will automatically be identified with arabic
numerals, e.g., ``Figure 1''.

%{\itshape N.B.:}  For the printed version of the volume, color EPS
%files should be avoided if possible, and, since it is sometimes
%necessary to edit EPS files to make them printable, authors should
%try to avoid EPS files with lines longer than 1024 characters.

\subsubsection{The {\ttfamily graphicx} Package} Given our authors' widely varying degrees
of familiarity with \LaTeX\, we feel that the \verb"\plotone",
\verb"\plottwo", and \verb"\plotfiddle" commands will serve most
purposes. However, those who are more {\itshape au fait} with
\LaTeX\ might wish to use the {\ttfamily graphicx} package. This
package enables the user to wield far greater control over the
importation of graphics into a {\ttfamily.tex} file and, apart from
the usual sizing and rotational facilities, also enables the user to
crop or trim an image as desired (e.g., to get rid of surrounding
blank margins). The trimming facility is useful if you need to use
only a part of a complete image.  For an example of a how to use and
manipulate {\ttfamily graphicx}-imported images and the trimming
facility, see the document {\itshape How to Use the
\texttt{graphicx} Package} \citep{mah2005}.

\subsubsection{Pasted in Illustrations}

\begin{center}
\fbox{\parbox{10cm}{{\bfseries\itshape Important Note:} Now that ASP
has moved to electronic publishing, pasted in illustrations are no
longer acceptable in the final version of the volume manuscript.
Although future volumes, apart from being available electronically,
will continue to be printed on paper, the printing process itself
now relies exclusively on electronic input. The following instructions,
however, may be of use for intermediate versions of your paper if
there are temporary problems in getting the figure to compile
properly.}}
\end{center}

Illustrations may be inserted physically in the text at the appropriate places,
with the relevant caption underneath each.
The finished pages are reduced by 10\% before printing.
Thus, illustrations will appear somewhat smaller in print.

These illustrations should appear in {\tt figure} environments.
\begin{quote}
\verb"\begin{figure}"\\
\verb"\vspace{"\arg{dimen}\verb"}"\\
\verb"\caption{"\arg{text}\verb"}"\\
\verb"\end{figure}"
\end{quote}
Space for the figure is created with the \verb"\vspace" command;
\arg{dimen} should be a valid \LaTeX\ dimension, e.g., ``\verb"2.5in"''.


\subsubsection{Size of Illustrations}

The maximum width of an illustration is 13.4 cm (5.25 in) so that it
will fit within the width of the text area. Of course, an
illustration may be smaller if appropriate. A large illustration may
be placed sideways (``landscape'') on the paper if necessary. This
is done using the same procedure as for landscaped tables; i.e.,
\verb"\begin{figure}" must be {\itshape preceded} by
\verb"\begin{landscape}" and \verb"\end{figure}" must be {\itshape
followed} by \verb"\end{landscape}".

\section{References}

\subsection{In the Text}

The reference system to be followed is the standard author--year system.
We adopt
the editorial convention of not italicizing
the phrase ``et al.''
\subsubsection{Single Author}
Author name followed by the year in parentheses, as in Abt (1990),
or author and year both in parentheses (Abt 1990).
\subsubsection{Two Authors}
Author names separated by an ampersand (no comma). {\em Not} to be abbreviated
subsequently to ``Author1 et al.'' In parentheses use ``(Author1 \& Author2 1999)''.
\subsubsection{Three Authors}
When first mentioned in text use the format ``Author1, Author2, \& Author3 (year)''
(note  serial comma before ampersand). Subsequently, abbreviate to ``Author1 et al.''.
When authors and year are both within parentheses use ``(Author1, Author2, \&
Author3 1999)'' or ``(Author1 et al. 1999)''.

\subsubsection{More than Three Authors}
Use the format ``Author1 et al.''. Please do not use ``Author1, Author2,
Author3, et al.'', since Authors 2 and 3 will be deleted during the copy
editing! In parentheses: ``(Author1 et al., 1999)''.
\subsubsection{Citing Multiple Works}
Inside parentheses, citations are separated by a semicolon: ``(Biretta, Lo,
\& Young 1982; Forrest et al. 1987; Lee 1995)''.

Outside of parentheses, use commas: `According to Biretta, Lo, \& Young (1982),
Forrest et al. (1987), and Lee (1995), there is strong evidence to suggest
that . . .'.

\subsection{Reference List}

The \arg{bibliographic information} should be in the order directed by
Abt (1990): author, year, journal, volume, and page.  For instance,
the reference for this editorial would be typed in as
\begin{quote}
\verb"Abt, H. 1990, ApJ, 357, 1"
\end{quote}
Note that there is no comma following the author name(s), there is
no trailing period at the end of the reference, and the entire line
is set in the body typeface ({\em no} font changes).

Please note the order of the bibliographical information in the following
entries:
\begin{quote}
\verb"Biretta, J. A., Lo, K., & Young, P. J. 1982 in AIP Conf."\\
\verb"Proc., 83, The Galactic Center, ed. G. R. Riegler & R. D."\\
\verb"Blandford (New York: AIP), 91"

\verb"van der Kruit, P. C., & Shostak, G. S. 1983, in IAU Symp."\\
\verb"100, Internal Kinematics and Dynamics of Galaxies, ed. E."\\ \verb"Athanassoula (Dordrecht: Reidel), 69"

\verb"Garcia-Lorenzo, B., Mediavilla, E., Arribas, S., & del"\\
\verb"Burgo, C. 1998, in ASP Conf. Ser. Vol. 152, Fiber Optics"\\
\verb"in Astronomy III, ed. S. Arribas, E. Mediavilla \& F."\\
\verb"Watson (San Francisco: ASP), 185"
\end{quote}
%the {\it Chicago Manual of Style\/}.
%Journal names and book titles should be set in {\it italics\/}.
%Volume numbers should be {\bf boldface}.

Care should be taken that each literature citation in the manuscript
has its counterpart in the reference list and vice versa.
Care should also be given to checking the accuracy of the
references---author(s), date, volume, and page number.
% Fifty percent of all manuscripts submitted to journals are found to
% have errors.  Please be careful.
While the accuracy of the references is the sole responsibility of the author(s), the editor(s) should nevertheless aim to ensure uniformity
of presentation throughout the volume.





\subsection{\LaTeX\ Markup of References}

Referencing in a text consists of {\itshape citations} in the body
of the text of {\itshape sources} listed in the bibliography at the
end of the text. Although \LaTeX\ permits various ways of citing and
listing bibliographical references, we would strongly urge authors
to use either the {\tt thebibliography} environment, which is
described in detail below, or B{\sc ib}\TeX .\footnote{The volume
editors should make it clear to authors which system is preferred
for the volume.} The environment is admittedly complex, but it will
maintain consistency and save you from making mistakes, particularly
if you are citing a large number of references; furthermore, it will
cut down on the editorial chores of getting your paper into final
shape for the proceedings volume.

\subsubsection{The {\tt thebibliography }Environment}


In standard \LaTeX\ this environment
does not support the author--year system, so it is necessary to invoke
Patrick W. Daly's {\tt natbib.sty}; this is done automatically when you
compile your \LaTeX\ file. The following examples illustrate how
two commands, \verb"\citet{}" and \verb"\citep{}", meet most bibliographical
needs (a sample {\tt thebibliography}  list is given at the end of
this section):

\begin{center}
{\small
\begin{tabular}{lcl}
\verb"\citet{knu86}" & $\longrightarrow$ & \citet{knu86}\\
\verb"\citep{knu86}" & $\longrightarrow$ & \citep{knu86}\\
\verb"\citet*{goos94}" & $\longrightarrow$ & \citet*{goos94}\\
\verb"\citep*{goos94}" & $\longrightarrow$ & \citep*{goos94}\\
\verb"\citet{goos94}" & $\longrightarrow$ & \citet{goos94}\\
\verb"\citep{goos94}" & $\longrightarrow$ & \citep{goos94}\\
\verb"\citep[see][]{knu86}" & $\longrightarrow$ & \citep[see][]{knu86}\\
\verb"\citep[p.\ 427]{knu86}" & $\longrightarrow$ & \citep[p.\ 427]{knu86}\\
\verb"\citep[see][p.\ 427]{knu86}" & $\longrightarrow$ &
\citep[see][p.\ 427]{knu86} \\
\end{tabular}
}
\end{center}
(Note carefully the syntax for getting pre- and post-notes.) Another
extremely useful facility provided by {\tt natbib} is the
possibility of multiple citations:

\begin{center}
{\small
\begin{tabular}{lcl}
\verb"\citet{j1998,j1999}" & $\longrightarrow$ & \citet{j1998,j1999}\\
\verb"\citep{j1998,j1999}" & $\longrightarrow$ &\citep{j1998,j1999} \\
\verb"\citet{bh1998a,bh1998b}" & $\longrightarrow$ & \citet{bh1998a,bh1998b}\\
\verb"\citep{bh1998a,bh1998b}" & $\longrightarrow$ & \citep{bh1998a,bh1998b}\\
\end{tabular}
}
\end{center}

You may occasionally need to mention author names without giving the dates (to avoid
needlessly cluttering up the text with parentheses, for example), or to cite the
date by itelf, so you may find
the following commands useful:

\begin{center}
{\small
\begin{tabular}{lcl}
\verb"\citeauthor{goos94}" & $\longrightarrow$ & \citeauthor{goos94}\\
\verb"\citeauthor*{goos94}" & $\longrightarrow$ & \citeauthor*{goos94}\\
\verb"\citeyear{goos94}" & $\longrightarrow$ & \citeyear{goos94}\\
\verb"\citeyearpar{goos94}" & $\longrightarrow$ & \citeyearpar{goos94}\\
\end{tabular}
}
\end{center}

If you need to resort to ``non-citations'', such as ``in preparation'' or
``private communication'', you might find useful

\begin{center}
{\small
\begin{tabular}{lcl}
\verb"\citetext{in preparation}" & $\longrightarrow$ & \citetext{in preparation}\\
\end{tabular}
}
\end{center}
Note that such citations as these have no place in the bibliographical
list since the reader has no means of acertaining their accuracy or veracity.

If the ``van'' in a name like van de Hulst starts a sentence it must be capitalized.
{\tt natbib} offers the following commands for achieving this in a number of contexts:

\begin{center}
{\small
\begin{tabular}{lcl}
\verb"\Citet{vhulst}" & $\longrightarrow$ & \Citet{vhulst}\\
\verb"\Citep{vhulst}" & $\longrightarrow$ & \Citep{vhulst}\\
\verb"\Citeauthor{vhulst}" & $\longrightarrow$ & \Citeauthor{vhulst}\\
\end{tabular}
}
\end{center}

The bibliographical database called upon by all these commands can be
provided either by B{\sc ib}\TeX\ or by using the {\tt thebibliography}
environment, as in the following example:

\begin{quote}
{\small
\verb"\begin{thebibliography}{}"\\
\verb"\bibitem[Bland-Hawthorn \& Jones(1998a)]{bh1998a}"\\
\verb"Bland-Hawthorn, J., \& Jones, D. H. 1998a, PASA, 15, 44"\\
\verb"\bibitem[Bland-Hawthorn \& Jones(1998b)]{bh1998b}"\\
\verb"Bland-Hawthorn, J., \& Jones, D. H. 1998b, SPIE, 3355, 855"\\
\verb"\bibitem[Goossens et al.(1994)Goossens, Mittelbach, \& Samarin] "\\
\verb"{goos94} Goossens, M., Mittelbach, F., \& Samarin, A. 1994, "\\
\verb"The \LaTeX\ Companion} (Reading, Mass.: Addison-Wesley)"\\
\verb"SPIE, 3355, 855"\\
\verb"\bibitem[Jones \& Bland-Hawthorn(1998)]{j1998}"\\
\verb"Jones, D. H., \& Bland-Hawthorn, J. 1998, PASP, 110, 1059"\\
\verb"\bibitem[Jones \& Bland-Hawthorn(1999)]{j1999}"\\
\verb"Jones, D. H., \& Bland-Hawthorn 1999,"
\verb"in Looking Deep in the Southern"\\
\verb"Sky, ed.\ R. Morganti \& W. J. Couch, 320"\\
\verb"\bibitem[Knuth(1986)]{knu86} "\\
\verb"Knuth, Donald E. 1986, The \TeX book (Reading, Mass.: "\\
\verb"Addison-Wesley)"\\
\verb"\bibitem[Kopka \& Daly(1999)]{kop99} "\\
\verb"Kopka, Helmut \& Daly, Patrick W. 1999, A Guide to \LaTeX, "\\
\verb"3rd edn (Harlow: Pearson Education)"\\
\verb"\bibitem[Lamport(1994)]{lam94} "\\
\verb"Lamport, Leslie 1994, \LaTeX, A Document Preparation System: "\\
\verb"User's Guide and Reference Manual, 2nd edn (Boston: Addison-Wesley)"\\
\verb"\bibitem[Mahoney(2002)]{ma02}"\\
\verb"in Special Session of the XXIV General Assembly"\\
\verb"of the IAU, Astronomy for Developing Countries, ed.\ Alan H. Batten"\\
\verb"(San Francisco: IAU), p.\ 357"\\
%\verb"\bibitem[Mahoney(2004)]{mah2004b}"\\
%\verb"Mahoney, T. J. 2004, B{\sc ib}\TeX\ for ASP Authors"\\
\verb"\bibitem[Oxford University Press(1983)]{hart}"\\
\verb"Oxford University Press 1983, Hart's Rules for Compositors"\\
\verb"and Readers at the University Press Oxford, 39th edn.\ "\\
\verb"(Oxford: Oxford University Press)"\\
\verb"\bibitem[University of Chicago Press(1993)]{ucp93} "\\
\verb"University of Chicago Press 1993, The Chicago Manual"\\
\verb"of Style, 14th edn (Chicago: University of Chicago Press)"\\
\verb"\bibitem[van de Hulst(1981)]{vhulst}"\\
\verb"van de Hulst, H. C. 1981, Light Scattering by Small "\\
\verb"Particles, 2nd edn (New York: Dover)"\\
\verb"\end{thebibliography}"}
\end{quote}

To avoid problems when your contribution is combined with others
into one volume, please make sure your \verb"\bibitem" entries are
complete and correct by following these guidelines:

\begin{itemize}
\item Do not use a ``mixed coding'' referencing system by using {\tt
thebibliography} environment but not the \verb"\citet" or
\verb"\citep" counterparts.
\item Make sure all \verb"bibitem" entries are complete with
information in both the square brackets and the curly braces.
\item Use customized short form references in the curly braces to
avoid conflict with the same reference in another paper (e.g.,
include your last name or initials, such as \verb"{Mahoney_vhulst}"
or \verb"{TJM_vhulst}", rather than simply \verb"{vhulst}".
\item Make certain that the year is enclosed in parentheses within
the square brackets (e.g., \verb"[Lamport (1994)]".
\end{itemize}

\subsubsection{B{\sc ib}\TeX}
Keying in a large bibliography is tedious and time-consuming. The
B{\sc ib}\TeX\ program enables you to build a bibliographical source
list for all your articles (provided they are produced in \LaTeX ).
Including a useful description of B{\sc ib}\TeX\ here would make
this manual too unwieldy.  We hope to have a B{\sc ib}\TeX\ manual
available soon, but in the meantime, other sources may provide
further information.
%If you are interested in using a B{\sc ib}\TeX\ source list
%for your article, please refer to the manual {\itshape B{\sc ib}\TeX\ for
%ASP Authors} \citep{mah2004b}

%\subsubsection{The {\tt references} Environment}
%The {\tt asp2004.sty} style file
%defines a {\tt references} environment that sets off
%the list of references and adjusts spacing parameters.
%\begin{quote}
%\verb"\begin{references}"\\
%\verb"\reference" \arg{bibliographic information}\\
%\verb"   ."\\
%\verb"   ."\\
%\verb"\end{references}"
%\end{quote}
%This environment is simple to use but does not allow automatic
%cross-referencing, for which reason we advise against its use.

\subsection{Abbreviations for Journals}

Appendix D lists macros for many of the oft-referenced journals so that authors
may use the \LaTeX\ names rather than having to look up a particular
journal's specific abbreviation.
Any stylistic requirements of the editors are taken care of by the macros,
so authors need not be concerned about such editorial preferences.


\section{Compiling the Files and Checking for Errors}

Once everything is included in the template for the article, you are
ready to compile the \LaTeX\ file and check it for errors.  \LaTeX\
files are compiled in various ways, depending on the operating
system and the software that is used.

Compiling on a Linux/Unix system is quite straightforward.  At a
shell prompt, simply navigate to the directory which contains the
{\tt .tex} file (presumably {\tt asptemplate.tex}) and type the
following commands in sequence to compile the \LaTeX\ file, create a
postscript file, and then create a {\tt .pdf} file:

\begin{enumerate}
\item \verb"latex asptemplate.tex" (run 3 times)
\item \verb"dvips -Ppdf asptemplate.dvi" (the -P uses the correct Type 1
fonts)
\item \verb"ps2pdf14 asptemplate.ps"
\end{enumerate}

Compiling on a Windows PC can be done in various ways, depending on
the software used.  A few examples may help you to find the
resources for compiling with your individual software. MiK\TeX\ is
the most common \TeX\ implementation for Windows operating systems.
Various editors may be used with MiK\TeX\, such as WordPad, WinEdt
or others.  WinEdt includes built-in tools for compilation (under
the Accessories pull-down).  With the {\tt .tex} file open in
WinEdt, simply run \LaTeX\ three times, then run DVIPS and finally
ps2pdf.

If using MiK\TeX\ without an editor that includes compiling tools,
files may be compiled using a command prompt (go to Start, Run, type
\verb"cmd").  After finding and noting the path to the {\tt
latex.exe} file, navigate to the directory that contains the {\tt
asptemplate.tex} file. At the command prompt from that directory,
type:

\begin{enumerate}
\item \verb"<path to latex.exe>\latex.exe asptemplate.tex" (run 3
times)
\item \verb"<path to latex.exe>\dvips -Ppdf asptemplate.dvi"
\item \verb"<path to latex.exe>\ps2pdf14 asptemplate.ps"
\end{enumerate}

Once the article is compiled into a PDF, check for any errors,
including the items in the checklist provided in Section 6 below.
Also preflight the article for possible printer errors at
\verb"http://dx.sheridan.com/onl".  Instructions for the preflight
process and a downloadable author's checklist are also available
online at \verb"http://www.aspbooks.org/author_information/".


\section{A Final Checklist before Submitting Your Article}

On completion, {\itshape all} source files for your article must be
sent to the volume editors, who will then copy-edit your paper for
consistency of style.  Make certain to send the {\tt .tex} template,
all image files, and a {\tt .dvi}, {\tt .ps}, or {\tt .pdf} file for
their reference.  Before submitting the article, check for each of
the following items:

\begin{itemize}

\item Article is within page limitations set by editor.

\item Paper compiles properly without errors.

\item No fundamental modifications to the basic template are present,
including special definitions, special macros, packages,
\verb"\vspace" commands, font adjustments, etc. (\S 3.3, p. 10)

\item Commented-out text has been removed. (\S 3.3, pp. 10,11)

\item Author and shortened title running heads are proper for the
paper and shortened so page number is within margin. (\S 3.1, p. 4)

\item Paper checked for general questions of format and style, including,
but not limited to, the following:
\begin{enumerate}
    \item capitalization, layout and length of running heads (\S 3.1, p. 4), titles (\S 3.2, p. 5)and sections/subsections (\S 3.3, p. 8);
    \item page numbers within margin (\S 3.1, p. 4);
    \item author names spelled correctly and full postal addresses given (\S 3.2, pp. 5-6);
    \item abstracts (\S 3.2, p. 7);
    \item all margins---left, right, top and bottom (\S 3.1, p. 4; \S 3.2, p. 5; \S 3.3, p. 9; \S 3.6, p. 21);
    \item standard font size and no Type 3 fonts (\S 3.3, pp. 10-11; \S 3.6, p. 23; \S 4.2, p. 25);
    \item spacing (\S 3.3, pp. 9-10);
    \item section headings (\S 3.3; p. 8).
\end{enumerate}

\item All tables are correctly positioned within margins, are
properly formatted, are referred to in the text.  (\S 3.5, pp.
16-20)

\item All figures are correctly positioned within margins, are
minimum 300 dpi resolution, and are referred to in the text. All
labeling or text will be legible with 10\% reduction.  Questionable
images printed, checked and replaced if necessary.  Figures do not
cover text or running heads, and proper permissions have been
granted and acknowledged.  (\S 3.6, pp. 21-24)

\item All acknowledgments (pp. 11-12, p. 20) and discussions are in proper format.

\item All references quoted in the text are listed in the bibliography;
all items in the bibliography have been referred to in the text. (\S
4, pp. 24-28)

\item All bibliography entries are in the proper format, using one of
the referencing styles given. Each of the references is
bibliographically complete, including full names of authors,
editors, publishers, place of publication, page numbers, years, etc.
(\S\S 4.2-4.3, pp. 25-28)

\item References to preprints replaced with publication information
when possible.

%\item Is the length of the article within the page limits established by the
%volume editors?
%
%\item Does your file compile properly without errors, with all tables
%and figures correctly placed, not overlapping text or running heads?
%
%\item Have you listed all the authors' names with correct spelling and given their postal addresses
%\emph{in full}?
%
%\item Have you included the running heads at the top of each page in
%accordance with the instructions in \S 3.1?
%
%\item Are your figures clear and of sufficiently high resolution when
%you print them? Is the axis labeling and any superimposed text
%legible (your paper will be reduced in width by 10\%)?
%
%\item Are the running heads, page numbers, text, figures, and tables all within the permitted margins?
%
%\item Have you taken care to remove \emph{all} author customizations
%to the template so it will easily compile for the editor when added
%to the book template (e.g., author definitions, special packages,
%\verb"\vspace" or irregular font sizes used to maintain page limits,
%commented-out text, etc.).
%
%\item Have you checked that all the references cited in the text are listed in
%the bibliography, and that there are no references listed that are not cited in the
%text?
%
%\item Have you used one of the referencing styles given in this manual?
%
%\item Is each of your references bibliographically complete? For example, if you are
%citing an edited book, have you included the full name(s) of the editor(s), the
%publisher's name, and place of publication?
%
%\item Have you checked whether any preprints cited have now been published?
%
\end{itemize}
If the article does not conform to each item in the checklist, then
your article is still in the preliminary draft stage and is not yet
ready to be sent to the editors. It is only simple courtesy to get
everything right before you submit your article.


\section{Persons to Contact}

\begin{description}
\item For information relating to page limits, deadlines, etc., contact the volume
editor(s) at the email address provided by the conference organizers.
%\item For details concerning the volume number allocated to your proceedings
%volume, date of publication, questions relating to the book
%production process, and  administrative details, contact Enid
%Livingston \newline (\verb"aspcs@byu.edu").
\item All queries relating to the \LaTeX\ style file, author's/editor's
instruction manual, etc., should be directed to Terry Mahoney
(\verb"tjm@iac.es" with a copy of the email sent to
\verb"aspcstech@byu.edu").
\end{description}

\section{Your Feedback}
This manual has been written with the sole aim of helping you to
typeset your article with the minimum of trouble. If you have any
suggestions for its improvement, we would very much like to hear
them. Please send any suggestions (or complaints!) to {\tt
tjm@iac.es}, {\tt aspcstech@byu.edu} and {\tt aspcs@byu.edu}.

\begin{thebibliography}{}
\bibitem[Abt(1990)]{}
Abt, H. 1990, ApJ, 357, 1
\bibitem[Bland-Hawthorn \& Jones(1998a)]{bh1998a}
Bland-Hawthorn, J., \& Jones, D. H. 1998a,
PASA, 15, 44
\bibitem[Bland-Hawthorn \& Jones(1998b)]{bh1998b}
Bland-Hawthorn, J., \& Jones, D. H. 1998b,
SPIE, 3355, 855
\bibitem[Goossens et al.(1994)Goossens, Mittelbach, \& Samarin]{goos94}
Goossens, M., Mittelbach, F., \& Samarin, A. 1994,
The \LaTeX\ Companion (Reading, Mass.: Addison-Wesley)
\bibitem[Jones \& Bland-Hawthorn(1998)]{j1998}
Jones, D. H., \& Bland-Hawthorn, J. 1998, PASP, 110, 1059
\bibitem[Jones \& Bland-Hawthorn(1999)]{j1999}
Jones, D. H., \& Bland-Hawthorn, J. 1999,
in Looking Deep in the Southern Sky,
ed.\ R. Morganti \& W. J. Couch, 320
\bibitem[Knuth(1986)]{knu86}
 Knuth, Donald E. 1986,  The \TeX book (Reading, Mass.:
Addison-Wesley)
\bibitem[Kopka \& Daly(1999)]{kop99}
Kopka, Helmut \& Daly, Patrick W. 1999, A Guide to \LaTeX,
3rd edn (Harlow: Pearson Education)
\bibitem[Lamport(1994)]{lam94}
Lamport, Leslie 1994, \LaTeX, A Document Preparation System:
User's Guide and Reference Manual, 2nd edn (Boston: Addison-Wesley)
\bibitem[Mahoney(2002)]{mah02}
Mahoney, T. J. 2002, in Special Session of the XXIV General Assembly
of the IAU, Astronomy for Developing Countries, ed.\ Alan H. Batten
(San Francisco: IAU),  357
%\bibitem[Mahoney(2004)]{mah2004b}
%Mahoney, T. J. 2004, B{\sc ib}\TeX\ for ASP Authors
\bibitem[Mahoney(2005)]{mah2005}
Mahoney, T. J. 2005, How to Use the {\ttfamily graphicx} Package
\bibitem[Merriam-Webster's Collegiate Dictionary(2000)]{mw}
Merriam-Webster, Inc. 2000, Merriam-Webster's Collegiate Dictionary, 10th edn.\
(Springfield: Merriam-Webster)
\bibitem[Oxford University Press(1983)]{hart}
Oxford University Press 1983, Hart's Rules for Compositors
and Readers at the University Press Oxford, 39th edn.\
(Oxford: Oxford University Press)
 \bibitem[University of Chicago Press(1993)]{ucp93}
 University of Chicago Press 1993, The Chicago Manual
of Style, 14th edn (Chicago: University of Chicago Press)
\bibitem[van de Hulst(1981)]{vhulst}
van de Hulst, H. C. 1981, Light Scattering by Small Particles, 2nd edn (New York:
Dover)
\end{thebibliography}
\vfill\pagebreak
\section*{Appendix~A: Some Useful \LaTeX\ Symbols and Diacritic
Signs\footnote{The vowel-ligatures
{\itshape \ae} and {\itshape\oe}
 should normally be avoided. The use of {\itshape \ae} should be restricted  to
Old English words and {\itshape \oe}
should be used for French words; hence, {\itshape
\AE lfric}, but {\itshape Aeneas} and
{\itshape Aeschylus}, and {\itshape \oe uvre}, but
{\itshape Oedipus}. The {\itshape \AE} in \AE lfric is a single letter
 ({\itshape ash} in
Old English), whereas the {\itshape Ae} in {\itshape Aeschylus} is a digraph, so we
would write $\beta$ {\itshape Lacertae} and not $\beta$ {\itshape Lacert\ae}
\citep[see][]{hart}.}}
\begin{center}
\begin{tabular}{rcl}
\verb"\`{o}" & $\longrightarrow$ & \`{o}\\
\verb"\'{o}" & $\longrightarrow$ & \'{o}\\
\verb"\^{o}" & $\longrightarrow$ & \^{o}\\
\verb"\"{\tt "}\verb"{o}"& $\longrightarrow$ &\"{o}\\
\verb"\~{o}" & $\longrightarrow$ & \~{o}\\
\verb"\={o}"& $\longrightarrow$ &\={o}\\
\verb"\.{o}" & $\longrightarrow$ & \.{o}\\
\verb"\u{o}"& $\longrightarrow$ &\u{o}\\
\verb"\v{o}" & $\longrightarrow$ & \v{o}\\
\verb"\H{o}"& $\longrightarrow$ &\H{o}\\
\verb"\t{oo}" & $\longrightarrow$ & \t{oo}\\
\verb"\c{o}"& $\longrightarrow$ &\c{o}\\
\verb"\d{o}" & $\longrightarrow$ & \d{o}\\
\verb"\b{o}"& $\longrightarrow$ &\b{o}\\
\verb"\oe" & $\longrightarrow$ & \oe\\
\verb"\OE"& $\longrightarrow$ &\OE\\
\verb"\ae" & $\longrightarrow$ & \ae\\
\verb"\AE"& $\longrightarrow$ &\AE\\
\verb"\aa" & $\longrightarrow$ & \aa\\
\verb"\AA"& $\longrightarrow$ &\AA\\
\verb"\o" & $\longrightarrow$ & \o\\
\verb"\O"& $\longrightarrow$ &\O\\
\verb"\l" & $\longrightarrow$ & \l\\
\verb"\L"& $\longrightarrow$ &\L\\
\verb"\ss"& $\longrightarrow$  & \ss\\
\verb"?`" & $\longrightarrow$ & ?`\\
\verb"!`"& $\longrightarrow$ &!`\\
\verb"\dag" & $\longrightarrow$ & \dag\\
\verb"\ddag"& $\longrightarrow$ &\ddag\\
\verb"\S" & $\longrightarrow$ & \S\\
\verb"\S\S"& $\longrightarrow$ &\S\S\\
\verb"\P" & $\longrightarrow$ & \P\\
\verb"\copyright" & $\longrightarrow$ & \copyright\\
\verb"\pounds" & $\longrightarrow$ & \pounds\\
\verb"\#"& $\longrightarrow$ &\#\\
\verb"\$"& $\longrightarrow$ &\$\\
\verb"\%"& $\longrightarrow$ &\%\\
\verb"\&"& $\longrightarrow$ &\&\\
\verb"\_"& $\longrightarrow$ &\_\\
\verb"\{"& $\longrightarrow$ &\{\\
\verb"\}"& $\longrightarrow$ &\}\\
\end{tabular}
\end{center}
\pagebreak
\section*{Appendix~B: Standard \LaTeXe\ Mathematics Commands}
\begin{center}
\begin{tabular}{rcl}
\multicolumn{3}{c}{{\itshape Greek Letters}}\\
\noalign{\smallskip}
\verb"$\alpha$"& $\longrightarrow$ &  $\alpha$\\
\verb"$\beta$"& $\longrightarrow$ & $\beta$ \\
\verb"$\gamma$"& $\longrightarrow$ & $\gamma$ \\
\verb"$\Gamma$"& $\longrightarrow$ & $\Gamma$ \\
\verb"$\delta$"& $\longrightarrow$ & $\delta$ \\
\verb"$\Delta$"& $\longrightarrow$ & $\Delta$ \\
\verb"$\epsilon$"& $\longrightarrow$ & $\epsilon$ \\
\verb"$\varepsilon$"& $\longrightarrow$ & $\varepsilon$ \\
\verb"$\zeta$"& $\longrightarrow$ & $\zeta$ \\
\verb"$\eta$"& $\longrightarrow$ & $\eta$ \\
\verb"$\theta$"& $\longrightarrow$ & $\theta$ \\
\verb"$\Theta$"& $\longrightarrow$ & $\Theta$ \\
\verb"$\vartheta$"& $\longrightarrow$ & $\vartheta$ \\
\verb"$\iota$"& $\longrightarrow$ & $\iota$ \\
\verb"$\kappa$"& $\longrightarrow$ & $\kappa$ \\
\verb"$\lambda$"& $\longrightarrow$ & $\lambda$ \\
\verb"$\Lambda$"& $\longrightarrow$ & $\Lambda$ \\
\verb"$\mu$"& $\longrightarrow$ & $\mu$ \\
\verb"$\nu$"& $\longrightarrow$ & $\nu$ \\
\verb"$\xi$"& $\longrightarrow$ & $\xi$ \\
\verb"$\Xi$"& $\longrightarrow$ & $\Xi$ \\
\verb"$o$"& $\longrightarrow$ & $o$ \\
\verb"$\pi$"& $\longrightarrow$ & $\pi$ \\
\verb"$\Pi$"& $\longrightarrow$ & $\Pi$ \\
\verb"$\varpi$"& $\longrightarrow$ & $\varpi$ \\
\verb"$\rho$"& $\longrightarrow$ & $\rho$ \\
\verb"$\varrho$"& $\longrightarrow$ & $\varrho$ \\
\verb"$\sigma$"& $\longrightarrow$ & $\sigma$ \\
\verb"$\Sigma$"& $\longrightarrow$ & $\Sigma$ \\
\verb"$\varsigma$"& $\longrightarrow$ & $\varsigma$ \\
\verb"$\tau$"& $\longrightarrow$ & $\tau$ \\
\verb"$\upsilon$"& $\longrightarrow$ & $\Upsilon$ \\
\verb"$\phi$"& $\longrightarrow$ & $\phi$ \\
\verb"$\Phi$"& $\longrightarrow$ & $\Phi$ \\
\verb"$\varphi$"& $\longrightarrow$ & $\varphi$ \\
\verb"$\chi$"& $\longrightarrow$ & $\chi$ \\
\verb"$\psi$"& $\longrightarrow$ & $\psi$ \\
\verb"$\Psi$"& $\longrightarrow$ & $\Psi$ \\
\verb"$\omega$"& $\longrightarrow$ & $\omega$ \\
\verb"$\Omega$"& $\longrightarrow$ & $\Omega$ \\
\noalign{\bigskip}
\multicolumn{3}{c}{\itshape Calligraphic Letters}\\
\noalign{\smallskip}
\verb"$\mathcal{F}$"& $\longrightarrow$ & $\mathcal{F}$ \\
\noalign{\smallskip}
\multicolumn{3}{c}{(uppercase letters only)}\\
\end{tabular}
\end{center}
\pagebreak
\begin{center}
\begin{tabular}{rcl}
\multicolumn{3}{c}{\itshape Mathematical Symbols}\\
\noalign{\smallskip}
\verb"$\pm$"& $\longrightarrow$ & $\pm$ \\
\verb"$\mp$"& $\longrightarrow$ & $\mp$ \\
\verb"$\times$"& $\longrightarrow$ & $\times$ \\
\verb"$\div$"& $\longrightarrow$ & $\div$ \\
\verb"$\ast$"& $\longrightarrow$ & $\ast$ \\
\verb"$\star$"& $\longrightarrow$ & $\star$ \\
\verb"$\circ$"& $\longrightarrow$ & $\circ$ \\
\verb"$\bullet$"& $\longrightarrow$ & $\bullet$ \\
\verb"$\cdot$"& $\longrightarrow$ & $\cdot$ \\
\verb"$\cap$"& $\longrightarrow$ & $\cap$ \\
\verb"$\cup$"& $\longrightarrow$ & $\cup$ \\
\verb"$\uplus$"& $\longrightarrow$ & $\uplus$ \\
\verb"$\sqcap$"& $\longrightarrow$ & $\sqcap$ \\
\verb"$\vee$"& $\longrightarrow$ & $\vee$ \\
\verb"$\wedge$"& $\longrightarrow$ & $\wedge$ \\
\verb"$\setminus$"& $\longrightarrow$ & $\setminus$ \\
\verb"$\wr$"& $\longrightarrow$ & $\wr$ \\
\verb"$\diamond$"& $\longrightarrow$ & $\diamond$ \\
\verb"$\bigtriangleup$"& $\longrightarrow$ & $\bigtriangleup$ \\
\verb"$\bigtriangledown$"& $\longrightarrow$ & $\bigtriangledown$ \\
\verb"$\triangleleft$"& $\longrightarrow$ & $\triangleleft$ \\
\verb"$\triangleright$"& $\longrightarrow$ & $\triangleright$ \\
\verb"$\oplus$"& $\longrightarrow$ & $\oplus$ \\
\verb"$\$ominus"& $\longrightarrow$ & $\ominus$ \\
\verb"$\otimes$"& $\longrightarrow$ & $\otimes$ \\
\verb"$\oslash$"& $\longrightarrow$ & $\oslash$ \\
\verb"$\odot$"& $\longrightarrow$ & $\odot$ \\
\verb"$\bigcirc$"& $\longrightarrow$ & $\bigcirc$ \\
\verb"$\dagger$"& $\longrightarrow$ & $\dagger$ \\
\verb"$\ddagger$"& $\longrightarrow$ & $\ddagger$ \\
\verb"$\amalg$"& $\longrightarrow$ & $\amalg$ \\
\verb"$\leq$"& $\longrightarrow$ & $\leq$ \\
\verb"$\prec$"& $\longrightarrow$ & $\prec$ \\
\verb"$\preceq$"& $\longrightarrow$ & $\preceq$ \\
\verb"$\ll$"& $\longrightarrow$ & $\ll$ \\
\verb"$\subset$"& $\longrightarrow$ & $\subset$ \\
\verb"$\subseteq$"& $\longrightarrow$ & $\subseteq$ \\
\verb"$\sqsubseteq$"& $\longrightarrow$ & $\sqsubseteq$ \\
\verb"$\in$"& $\longrightarrow$ & $\in$ \\
\verb"$\vdash$"& $\longrightarrow$ & $\vdash$ \\
\verb"$\geq$"& $\longrightarrow$ & $\geq$ \\
\verb"$\succ$"& $\longrightarrow$ & $\succ$ \\
\verb"$\succeq$"& $\longrightarrow$ & $\succeq$ \\
\verb"$\gg$"& $\longrightarrow$ & $\gg$ \\
\verb"$\supset$"& $\longrightarrow$ & $\supset$ \\
\verb"$\supseteq$"& $\longrightarrow$ & $\supseteq$ \\
\verb"$\sqsupseteq$"& $\longrightarrow$ & $\sqsubseteq$ \\
\verb"$\ni$"& $\longrightarrow$ & $\ni$ \\
\verb"$\dashv$"& $\longrightarrow$ & $\dashv$ \\
\verb"$\equiv$"& $\longrightarrow$ & $\equiv$ \\
\end{tabular}
\end{center}
\pagebreak

\begin{center}
\begin{tabular}{rcl}
\verb"$\sim$"& $\longrightarrow$ & $\sim$ \\
\verb"$\simeq$"& $\longrightarrow$ & $\simeq$ \\
\verb"$\asymp$"& $\longrightarrow$ & $\asymp$ \\
\verb"$\approx$"& $\longrightarrow$ & $\approx$ \\
\verb"$\cong$"& $\longrightarrow$ & $\cong$ \\
\verb"$\neq$"& $\longrightarrow$ & $\neq$ \\
\verb"$\doteq$"& $\longrightarrow$ & $\doteq$ \\
\verb"$\notin$"& $\longrightarrow$ & $\notin$ \\
\verb"$\models$"& $\longrightarrow$ & $\models$ \\
\verb"$\perp$"& $\longrightarrow$ & $\perp$ \\
\verb"$\mid$"& $\longrightarrow$ & $\mid$ \\
\verb"$\parallel$"& $\longrightarrow$ & $\parallel$ \\
\verb"$\bowtie$"& $\longrightarrow$ & $\bowtie$ \\
\verb"$\smile$"& $\longrightarrow$ & $\smile$ \\
\verb"$\frown$"& $\longrightarrow$ & $\frown$ \\
\verb"$\propto$"& $\longrightarrow$ & $\propto$ \\
\verb"$\leftarrow$"& $\longrightarrow$ & $\leftarrow$ \\
\verb"$\Leftarrow$"& $\longrightarrow$ & $\Leftarrow$ \\
\verb"$\rightarrow$"& $\longrightarrow$ & $\rightarrow$ \\
\verb"$\Rightarrow$"& $\longrightarrow$ & $\Rightarrow$ \\
\verb"$\leftrightarrow$"& $\longrightarrow$ & $\leftrightarrow$ \\
\verb"$\Leftrightarrow$"& $\longrightarrow$ & $\Leftrightarrow$ \\
\verb"$\mapsto$"& $\longrightarrow$ & $\mapsto$ \\
\verb"$\hookleftarrow$"& $\longrightarrow$ & $\hookleftarrow$ \\
\verb"$\leftharpoonup$"& $\longrightarrow$ & $\leftharpoonup$ \\
\verb"$\lefharpoondown$"& $\longrightarrow$ & $\leftharpoondown$ \\
\verb"$\rightleftharpoons$"& $\longrightarrow$ & $\rightleftharpoons$ \\
\verb"$\longleftarrow$"& $\longrightarrow$ & $\longleftarrow$ \\
\verb"$\Longleftarrow$"& $\longrightarrow$ & $\Longleftarrow$ \\
\verb"$\longrightarrow$"& $\longrightarrow$ & $\longrightarrow$ \\
\verb"$\Longrightarrow$"& $\longrightarrow$ & $\Longrightarrow$ \\
\verb"$\longleftrightarrow$"& $\longrightarrow$ & $\longleftrightarrow$ \\
\verb"$\Longleftrightarrow$"& $\longrightarrow$ & $\Longleftrightarrow$ \\
\verb"$\longmapsto$"& $\longrightarrow$ & $\longmapsto$ \\
\verb"$\hookrightarrow$"& $\longrightarrow$ & $\hookrightarrow$ \\
\verb"$\rightharpoonup$"& $\longrightarrow$ & $\rightharpoonup$ \\
\verb"$\rightharpoondown$"& $\longrightarrow$ & $\rightharpoondown$ \\
\verb"$\uparrow$"& $\longrightarrow$ & $\uparrow$ \\
\verb"$\Uparrow$"& $\longrightarrow$ & $\Uparrow$ \\
\verb"$\downarrow$"& $\longrightarrow$ & $\downarrow$ \\
\verb"$\Downarrow$"& $\longrightarrow$ & $\Downarrow$ \\
\verb"$\updownarrow$"& $\longrightarrow$ & $\updownarrow$ \\
\verb"$\Updownarrow$"& $\longrightarrow$ & $\Updownarrow$ \\
\verb"$\nearrow$"& $\longrightarrow$ & $\nearrow$ \\
\verb"$\searrow$"& $\longrightarrow$ & $\searrow$ \\
\verb"$\swarrow$"& $\longrightarrow$ & $\swarrow$ \\
\verb"$\nwarrow$"& $\longrightarrow$ & $\nwarrow$ \\
\verb"$\aleph$"& $\longrightarrow$ & $\aleph$ \\
\verb"$\hbar$"& $\longrightarrow$ & $\hbar$ \\
\verb"$\imath$"& $\longrightarrow$ & $\imath$ \\
\end{tabular}
\end{center}
\pagebreak

\begin{center}
\begin{tabular}{rcl}
\verb"$\jmath$"& $\longrightarrow$ & $\jmath$ \\
\verb"$\ell$"& $\longrightarrow$ & $\ell$ \\
\verb"$\wp$"& $\longrightarrow$ & $\wp$ \\
\verb"$\Re$"& $\longrightarrow$ & $\Re$ \\
\verb"$\Im$"& $\longrightarrow$ & $\Im$ \\
\verb"$\prime$"& $\longrightarrow$ & $\prime$ \\
\verb"$\emptyset$"& $\longrightarrow$ & $\emptyset$ \\
\verb"$\nabla$"& $\longrightarrow$ & $\nabla$ \\
\verb"$\surd$"& $\longrightarrow$ & $\surd$ \\
\verb"$\top$"& $\longrightarrow$ & $\top$ \\
\verb"$\bot$"& $\longrightarrow$ & $\bot$ \\
\verb"$\|$"& $\longrightarrow$ & $\|$ \\
\verb"$\angle$"& $\longrightarrow$ & $\angle$ \\
\verb"$\forall$"& $\longrightarrow$ & $\forall$ \\
\verb"$\exists$"& $\longrightarrow$ & $\exists$ \\
\verb"$\neg$"& $\longrightarrow$ & $\neg$ \\
\verb"$\flat$"& $\longrightarrow$ & $\flat$ \\
\verb"$\natural$"& $\longrightarrow$ & $\natural$ \\
\verb"$\sharp$"& $\longrightarrow$ & $\sharp$ \\
\verb"$\backlash$"& $\longrightarrow$ & $\backslash$ \\
\verb"$\partial$"& $\longrightarrow$ & $\partial$ \\
\verb"$\infty$"& $\longrightarrow$ & $\infty$ \\
\verb"$\triangle$"& $\longrightarrow$ & $\triangle$ \\
\verb"$\clubsuit$"& $\longrightarrow$ & $\clubsuit$ \\
\verb"$\diamondsuit$"& $\longrightarrow$ & $\diamondsuit$ \\
\verb"$\heartsuit$"& $\longrightarrow$ & $\heartsuit$ \\
\verb"$\spadesuit$"& $\longrightarrow$ & $\spadesuit$ \\
\verb"$\sum$"& $\longrightarrow$ & $\sum$ \\
\verb"$\prod$"& $\longrightarrow$ & $\prod$ \\
\verb"$\coprod$"& $\longrightarrow$ & $\coprod$ \\
\verb"$\int$"& $\longrightarrow$ & $\int$ \\
\verb"$\oint$"& $\longrightarrow$ & $\oint$ \\
\verb"$\bigcap$"& $\longrightarrow$ & $\bigcap$ \\
\verb"$\bigcup$"& $\longrightarrow$ & $\bigcup$ \\
\verb"$\bigsqcup$"& $\longrightarrow$ & $\bigsqcup$ \\
\verb"$\bigvee$"& $\longrightarrow$ & $\bigvee$ \\
\verb"$\bigwedge$"& $\longrightarrow$ & $\bigwedge$ \\
\verb"$\bigodot$"& $\longrightarrow$ & $\bigodot$ \\
\verb"$\bigotimes$"& $\longrightarrow$ & $\bigotimes$ \\
\verb"$\bigoplus$"& $\longrightarrow$ & $\bigoplus$ \\
\verb"$\biguplus$"& $\longrightarrow$ & $\biguplus$ \\
\verb"$\arccos$"& $\longrightarrow$ & $\arccos$ \\
\verb"$\arcsin$"& $\longrightarrow$ & $\arcsin$ \\
\verb"$\arctan$"& $\longrightarrow$ & $\arctan$ \\
%\verb"$\arg$"& $\longrightarrow$ & $\arg$ \\
\verb"$\cos$"& $\longrightarrow$ & $\cos$ \\
\verb"$\cosh$"& $\longrightarrow$ & $\cosh$ \\
\verb"$\cot$"& $\longrightarrow$ & $\cot$ \\
\verb"$\coth$"& $\longrightarrow$ & $\coth$ \\
\verb"$\csc$"& $\longrightarrow$ & $\csc$ \\
\verb"$\deg$"& $\longrightarrow$ & $\deg$ \\
\verb"$\det$"& $\longrightarrow$ & $\det$ \\
\end{tabular}
\end{center}
\pagebreak


\begin{center}
\begin{tabular}{rcl}
\verb"$\dim$"& $\longrightarrow$ & $\dim$ \\
\verb"$\exp$"& $\longrightarrow$ & $\exp$ \\
\verb"$\gcd$"& $\longrightarrow$ & $\gcd$ \\
\verb"$\hom$"& $\longrightarrow$ & $\hom$ \\
\verb"$\inf$"& $\longrightarrow$ & $\inf$ \\
\verb"$\ker$"& $\longrightarrow$ & $\ker$ \\
\verb"$\lg$"& $\longrightarrow$ & $\lg$ \\
\verb"$\lim$"& $\longrightarrow$ & $\lim$ \\
\verb"$\liminf$"& $\longrightarrow$ & $\liminf$ \\
\verb"$\limsup$"& $\longrightarrow$ & $\limsup$ \\
\verb"$\ln$"& $\longrightarrow$ & $\ln$ \\
\verb"$\log$"& $\longrightarrow$ & $\log$ \\
\verb"$\max$"& $\longrightarrow$ & $\max$ \\
\verb"$\min$"& $\longrightarrow$ & $\min$ \\
\verb"$\Pr$"& $\longrightarrow$ & $\Pr$ \\
\verb"$\sec$"& $\longrightarrow$ & $\sec$ \\
\verb"$\sin$"& $\longrightarrow$ & $\sin$ \\
\verb"$\sinh$"& $\longrightarrow$ & $\sinh$ \\
\verb"$\sup$"& $\longrightarrow$ & $\sup$ \\
\verb"$\tan$"& $\longrightarrow$ & $\tan$ \\
\verb"$\tanh$"& $\longrightarrow$ & $\tanh$ \\
\verb"$\cdots$" & $\longrightarrow$ & $\cdots$\\
\verb"$\vdots$" & $\longrightarrow$ & $\vdots$\\
\verb"$\ddots$" & $\longrightarrow$ & $\ddots$\\
\verb"$($" &  $\longrightarrow$ & $($\\
\verb"$[$" &  $\longrightarrow$ & $[$\\
\verb"$\{$" &  $\longrightarrow$ & $\{$\\
\verb"$\lfloor$" &  $\longrightarrow$ & $\lfloor$\\
\verb"$\lciel$" &  $\longrightarrow$ & $\lceil$\\
\verb"$\langle$" &  $\longrightarrow$ & $\langle$\\
\verb"$/$" &  $\longrightarrow$ & $/$\\
\verb"$|$" &  $\longrightarrow$ & $|$\\
\verb"$)$" &  $\longrightarrow$ & $)$\\
\verb"$]$" &  $\longrightarrow$ & $]$\\
\verb"$\}$" &  $\longrightarrow$ & $\}$\\
\verb"$\rfloor$" &  $\longrightarrow$ & $\rfloor$\\
\verb"$\rceil$" &  $\longrightarrow$ & $\rceil$\\
\verb"$\rangle$" &  $\longrightarrow$ & $\rangle$\\
\verb"$\backslash$" &  $\longrightarrow$ & $\backslash$\\
\verb"$\|$" &  $\longrightarrow$ & $\|$\\
\verb"$\uparrow$" &  $\longrightarrow$ & $\uparrow$\\
\verb"$\downarrow$" &  $\longrightarrow$ & $\downarrow$\\
\verb"$\updownarrow$" &  $\longrightarrow$ & $\updownarrow$\\
\verb"$\Uparrow$" &  $\longrightarrow$ & $\Uparrow$\\
\verb"$\Downarrow$" &  $\longrightarrow$ & $\Downarrow$\\
\verb"$\Updownarrow$" &  $\longrightarrow$ & $\Updownarrow$\\
\end{tabular}
\end{center}
\pagebreak
\begin{center}
{\itshape Examples of Math Commands Taking Arguments}
\end{center}

\begin{center}
{\verb"\frac{}{}:"}
\end{center}

\noindent\verb"$$\frac{dz}{dx}="\\
\verb"-\frac{\frac{\partial(F,G)}{\partial(y,"\\
\verb"x)}}{\frac{\partial(F,G)}{\partial(y,z)}}$$"\\


$$\frac{dz}{dx}=
-\frac{\frac{\partial(F,G)}{\partial(y,x)}}{\frac{\partial(F,G)}{\partial(y,z)}}$$

\noindent
In fact, such ``double-decker'' fractions are not a good idea typographically;
the preceding expression would be better represented as

\bigskip

\noindent\verb"$$\frac{dz}{dx}="\\
\verb"-\frac{\partial(F,G)}{\partial(y,x)}\Bigg/"\\
\verb"\frac{\partial(F,G)}{\partial(y,z)}$$"\\

$$\frac{dz}{dx} = -\frac{\partial(F,G)}{\partial(y,x)}\Bigg/
\frac{\partial(F,G)}{\partial(y,z)}$$

\bigskip

\begin{center}
{\verb"\underbrace{}" {\itshape and} \verb"\overbrace{}:"}
\end{center}

\noindent\verb"$$\overbrace{a + \underbrace{b + c + d} + e}$$"\\

$$\overbrace{a + \underbrace{b + c + d} + e}$$

\noindent\verb"$$\underbrace{a +" \\
\verb"\overbrace{b + c + d}^{123} + e}_{\alpha\beta\gamma} $$"\\


$$\underbrace{a + \overbrace{b + c + d}^{123} + e}_{\alpha\beta\gamma} $$

\noindent\verb"$$\int \underbrace{x^2}_{u}\underbrace{e^{5x}dx}_{dv}"\\
\verb"= \underbrace{\frac{e^{5x}}{5}}_{uv}-"\\
\verb"\int \underbrace{\frac{2}{5}xe^{5x}}_{vdu}$$"\\

$$\int \underbrace{x^2}_{u}\underbrace{e^{5x}dx}_{dv}
= \underbrace{\frac{e^{5x}}{5}}_{uv}-
\int \underbrace{\frac{2}{5}xe^{5x}}_{vdu}$$
\pagebreak
\begin{center}
\verb"\overline{}:"
\end{center}

\noindent\verb"$$(\Delta n_i)^2 = \overline{n_i^2} - \overline{n}_i^2"\\
\verb" = kT\left( \frac{\partial\overline{n}_i}{\partial \mu}" \\
\verb"\right)_{T,V}$$"\\


$$(\Delta n_i)^2 = \overline{n_i^2} - \overline{n}_i^2
 = kT\left( \frac{\partial\overline{n}_i}{\partial \mu} \right)_{T,V}$$

\begin{center}
\verb"\sqrt[]{}"
\end{center}

\noindent\verb"\sqrt[4]{\frac{2}{x}}"\\

$$\sqrt[4]{\frac{2}{x}}$$

\noindent\verb"\frac{2}{3\sqrt[3]{x}}"

$$\frac{2}{3\sqrt[3]{x}}$$

\noindent\verb"$$\sin\vartheta =\sqrt{"\\
\verb"\left|\begin{array}{cc}"\\
\verb"\lambda^1 & \lambda^2\\"\\
\verb"\mu^2 & \mu^2"\\
\verb"\end{array}\right| \times"\\
\verb"\left| \begin{array}{cc}"\\
\verb"\lambda_1 & \lambda_2\\"\\
\verb"\mu_1 & \mu_2"\\
\verb"\end{array}"\\
\verb"\right|"\\
\verb"} $$"\\

$$\sin\vartheta =\sqrt{
\left|\begin{array}{cc}
\lambda^1 & \lambda^2\\
\mu^2 & \mu^2
\end{array}\right| \times
\left| \begin{array}{cc}
\lambda_1 & \lambda_2\\
\mu_1 & \mu_2
\end{array}
\right|
} $$

\vfill

\pagebreak

\section*{Appendix~C: Some Useful Mathmode Macros}

The following  macros produce various troublesome or laborious mathematical
and astronomical symbols.
\begin{center}
\begin{tabular}{rcl}
\verb"\deg" &$\longrightarrow$& \deg\\
\verb"\arcmin"&$\longrightarrow$&\arcmin\\
\verb"\arcsec"&$\longrightarrow$&\arcsec\\
\verb"\fp"&$\longrightarrow$&\fp\\
\verb"\fd"&$\longrightarrow$&\fd\\
\verb"\fh"&$\longrightarrow$&\fh\\
\verb"\fm"&$\longrightarrow$&\fm\\
\verb"\fs"&$\longrightarrow$&\fs\\
\verb"\fdg"&$\longrightarrow$&\fdg\\
\verb"\farcm"&$\longrightarrow$&\farcm\\
\verb"\farcs"&$\longrightarrow$&\farcs\\
\verb"\sun"&$\longrightarrow$& \sun\\
\verb"\earth"&$\longrightarrow$&\earth\\
\verb"\micron"&$\longrightarrow$&\micron\\
\verb"\la"&$\longrightarrow$&{$\la$}\\
\verb"\ga"&$\longrightarrow$&{$\ga$}\\
\verb"\onehalf"&$\longrightarrow$&\onehalf\\
\verb"\onethird"&$\longrightarrow$&\onethird\\
\verb"\twothirds"&$\longrightarrow$&\twothirds\\
\verb"\onequarter"&$\longrightarrow$&\onequarter\\
\verb"\threequarters"&$\longrightarrow$&\threequarters\\
\verb"\ubv"&$\longrightarrow$&\ubv\\
\verb"\ubvr"&$\longrightarrow$&\ubvr\\
\verb"\ubvri"&$\longrightarrow$&\ubvri\\
\verb"\ubvrij"&$\longrightarrow$&\ubvrij\\
\verb"\ubvrijh"&$\longrightarrow$&\ubvrijh\\
\verb"\ubvrijhk"&$\longrightarrow$&\ubvrijhk\\
\verb"\ub"&$\longrightarrow$&\ub\\
\verb"\bv"&$\longrightarrow$&\bv\\
\verb"\vr"&$\longrightarrow$&\vr\\
\verb"\ur"&$\longrightarrow$&\ur\\
\end{tabular}
\end{center}
\vfill
\pagebreak
\section*{Appendix~D: Journal Abbreviations}
\begin{center}
\begin{tabular}{ll}
\verb"\aj" & Astronomical Journal (\aj )\\
\verb"\araa" & Annual Review of Astronomy and Astrophysics(\araa )\\
\verb"\apj" & Astrophysical Journal (\apj )\\
\verb"\apjs" & \rule[.5ex]{2em}{.4pt}, Supplement Series (\apjs )\\
\verb"\ao" & Applied Optics (\ao )\\
\verb"\apss" & Astrophysics and Space Science(\apss )\\
\verb"\aap" & Astronomy and Astrophysics (\aap )\\
\verb"\aaps" & \rule[.5ex]{2em}{.4pt}, Supplement Series (\aaps )\\
\verb"\azh" & Astronomicheskii Zhurnal (\azh )\\
\verb"\baas" & Bulletin of the AAS (\baas )\\
\verb"\jrasc" & Journal of the RAS of Canada (\jrasc )\\
\verb"\memras" & Memoirs of the RAS (\memras )\\
\verb"\mnras" & Monthly Notices of the RAS (\mnras )\\
\verb"\nat" & Nature (\nat )\\
\verb"\pra" & Physical Review A: General Physics (\pra )\\
\verb"\prb" & Physical Review B: Solid State (\prb )\\
\verb"\prc" & Physical Review C (\prc )\\
\verb"\prd" & Physical Review D (\prd )\\
\verb"\prl" & Physical Review Letters (\prl )\\
\verb"\pasp" & Publications of the ASP (\pasp )\\
\verb"\pasj" & Publications of the ASJ (\pasj )\\
\verb"\qjras" & Quarterly Journal of the RAS (\qjras )\\
\verb"\science" & Science (\science )\\
\verb"\skytel" & Sky and Telescope (\skytel )\\
\verb"\sovast" & Soviet Astronomy (\sovast )\\
\verb"\ssr" & Space Science Reviews (\ssr )\\
\verb"\zap" & Zeitschrift f\"ur Astrophysik (\zap )\\
\end{tabular}
\end{center}

\end{document}

%Here is a trial text reference to  \citet{mah2000a,mah2000b} and \citet*{ham2001}. As is clearly evident
%to any but a complete fool \citep[see][]{mah2000a,mah2000b,ham2001}
%\begin{thebibliography}{}
%\bibitem[Mahoney(2000a)]{mah2000a}
%Mahoney, T. J. 2000a, All about nothing
%\bibitem[Mahoney(2000b)]{mah2000b}
%Mahoney, T. J. 2000b, Yet more about nothing at all at all
%\bibitem[Hammersley et al.(2001)Hammersley, Garz\'on, \& Mahoney]{ham2001}
%Hammersley, Garz\'on, and Bloggs 2000, ApJ, 999, 666
%
%\end{thebibliography}

%\subsubsection{EPS Files}

%Authors who can prepare computer graphics in Encapsulated PostScript

%(EPS) format may use one of two additional markup commands to mark the
%point of inclusion, both of which should be used inside a \LaTeX\
%{\tt figure} environment.  If the DVI translator \prog{dvips} by Tom Rokicki is
%available on your computer, it is also possible to prepare the
%final copy with such figures in place.  If you have Tom's \prog{dvips}
%program, you must include the {\tt epsf} substyle in the \verb"\documentstyle"
%definition:

%\begin{quote}
%\verb"\documentstyle[11pt,newpasp,twoside,epsf]{article}" % dvips users ONLY
%\end{quote}
%You may have to copy {\tt epsf.tex} to {\tt epsf.sty} or create a symbolic link,
%since \prog{dvips} is distributed with {\tt epsf.tex} which serves both plain \TeX\
%and \LaTeX.  The same file works fine as a \LaTeX\ style file, it just
%needs the .sty extension.

%The markup commands for including EPS files are:
%\begin{quote}
%\verb"\plotone{"\arg{file}\verb"}"\\
%\verb"\plottwo{"\arg{file}\verb"}{"\arg{file}\verb"}"
%\end{quote}

%The \arg{file} argument is used to name the file(s) to be included.  The
%\verb"\plotone" command includes one figure that is scaled to the width of
%the current text column; \verb"\plottwo" inserts two figures side by side,
%and the pair is scaled to fit the text width.  If one uses these
%macros, the necessary vertical space is provided automatically.

%\begin{quote}
%\verb"\begin{figure}"\\
%\verb"\plotone{"\arg{mygraph.eps}\verb"}"\\
%\verb"\caption{"\arg{My EPS graphic.}\verb"}"\\
%\verb"\end{figure}"
%\end{quote}
%or
%\begin{quote}
%\verb"\begin{figure}"\\
%\verb"\plottwo{"\arg{mygraph.eps}\verb"}{"\arg{another.eps}\verb"}"\\
%\verb"\caption{"\arg{Two related graphics.}\verb"}"\\
%\verb"\end{figure}"
%\end{quote}
Please note that the caption will be centered under the {\tt pair} of
graphics when \verb"\plottwo" is used.  It is not possible to caption the two
plots individually with this package at this time.
%If you must fuss with the positioning and scaling of the EPS plot on
%the printed page, you can try using this command:

%\begin{quote}
%\verb"\plotfiddle{"\arg{file}\verb"}{"\arg{vsize}\verb"}{"\arg{rot}\verb"}{"\arg{hsf}\verb"}{"\arg{vsf}\verb"}{"\arg{htrans}\verb"}{"\arg{vtrans}\verb"}"
%\end{quote}

%\begin{quote}
%\begin{tabular}{lp{3in}}
%\tt vsize & vertical white space to allow for plot, any valid \LaTeX\ dimension\\
%\tt rot & rotation angle, in degrees, counter-clockwise\\
%\tt hsf & horiz scale factor, percent\\
%\tt vsf & vert scale factor, percent\\
%\tt htrans & horiz translation, in PS points 72/in\\
%\tt vtrans & vert translation, in PS points 72/in\\
%\end{tabular}
%\end{quote}
 If you {\em can} produce EPS but you do {\em not} have \prog{dvips}, you can still put
the \verb"\plotone" or \verb"\plottwo" commands in the the appropriate places,
but you will have to comment them out and put in a \verb"\vspace{"\arg{dimen}\verb"}" command
to open up the text.  The \prog{dvips} program is in the public domain and is
available from labrea.stanford.edu.
%\subsubsection{Halftone Illustrations (Photographs)}

%Good glossy original prints are required, black and white \emphasize{only};
%color plates cannot be reproduced.
%Photographs cut from other publications will not reproduce well,
%and usually infringe copyright.
%Have the illustrations prepared so that when they are reduced
%they are 13.4cm (5.25.in) wide or less; alternatively, crop the
%illustration to the text width.
%Supply both a large photograph and a reduced version pasted in the text.
%The pasted-in version will be used for size and placement only;
%a copy machine can be used for this reduction.
%If a reduction is not supplied, leave appropriate space in text
%above the figure caption.
%The publisher will take care of the photographic reduction and
%mounting of the original glossy print in the space provided by your
%pasted-in version.

%\subsubsection{Line Illustrations}

%If line drawings are submitted as the original, they should be drawn
%in black ink
%on good quality tracing paper or a glossy photographic print.
%Photocopies or multiliths are poor substitutes.

%The lettering on line illustrations must be satisfactory ---
%not too large, not too small.
%The preferred style of lettering is ``all capitals'', with
%capital letters between 2mm and 3mm in height (roughly, 6pt to 8pt).
%Lettering should be done with a lettering stencil
%or press-on lettering; free-hand or typewritten lettering is not recommended.
%All lettering and fine detail on both line and photographic illustrations
%must be very clear and of good visual quality.
%\edcomment{How relevant is this anymore?}
%It is often easier to prepare line illustrations at a larger size
%(e.g., twice the required size), then have them reduced photographically
%for pasting into the text.

%Illustrations produced on laser printers are acceptable and are probably
%the preferred way to produce drawings by most authors.

%Alternatively, you can use the {epsf} program to plot your EPS images.
%{\tt epsf} works by finding the bounding box comment in an EPS file; it then
%calculates the correct scale values and
%inserts a vbox of the specified size at
%position in the \LaTeX\ document from which it has been called.
%\begin{figure}[!ht]
%\begin{center}
%\plotone{Ha_P.eps}
%\epsfbox[28 28 567 792]{Ha_P.eps}
%\epsfxsize=\hsize\epsfbox{Ha_P.eps}
%\caption{An example of {\tt epsf}.}
%\end{center}
%\end{figure}
% All edited contributions must carry the eyebrow slug (giving the title of the
%conference, the ASP Conf.\ Ser.\ volume number and the name(s) of the
%editor(s). The slug will appear in the top lefthand corner of the first
%page of the contribution. To achieve this, open the file {\tt asp2004.sty}
%and search for the lines

%\medskip

%\noindent \verb"\def\@jourvol{**VOLUME**}"

%\noindent \verb"\def\cpr@year{**PUBLICATION YEAR**}"

%\noindent \verb"\def\vol@title{**TITLE**}"

%\noindent \verb"\def\vol@author{**EDITORS**}"

%\medskip

%\noindent and replace ``**VOLUME**'', etc., by the relevant information.

%Remember to check the volume number and publication date with Enid Livingstone
%at \verb"pasp@byu.edu" before printing out the final copy!


%Check that the running heads are inserted and alternate correctly
%(has the author remembered to put the parameter ``twoside'' in the
%\verb"documentstyle" command?).

%Ensure that the pagination for each article is correct. To change

the pagination use \verb"\setcounter{page}{number}", where number is
the first page number of the article. This command should be inserted
in each article file after the \verb"\pagestyle{myheadings}" command.

Standardize the bibliographical referencing as outline above.

Ensure that the page width is never exceeded. Any text, tables or
illustrations that stretch beyond the margins will be truncated in
the printing process.
%These instructions give an overview of the basic markup commands
%that need to be entered in a paper.
%Authors are encouraged to examine
%the sample papers that are included with the style file;
%these examples are named \verb"psample1.tex"
%and \verb"psample2.tex".  The file \verb"psample1.tex" is a paper prepared
%with the PASP macros utilizing a \emphasize{minimal} amount of markup.
%A more ``complete'' paper requiring most of the capabilities
%of the package is provided as \verb"psample2.tex";
%this file is annotated with comments that describe
%the purpose of the markup.
